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- Rasha Ali operates a health food store, and she has been the only employee. Her business is growing, and she is considering hiring some additional staff to help her in the store. Explain to her the various payroll deductions that she will have to account for, including their potential impact on her financial statements, if she hires additional staff.Linda Calloway and Meredith Perdue are neighbors in Charleston. Linda works as a software engineer for Progressive Apps Corporation, while Sherry works as an executive for Industrial Container Company. Both are married, have two children, and are well paid. Linda and Meredith are interested in better understanding their pension and retirement plans. Progressive Apps Corporation, the company where Linda works, has a contributory plan in which 5 percent of the employees’ annual wages is deducted to meet the cost of the benefits. The firm contributes an amount equal to the employee contribution. The plan uses a five-year graded vesting procedure; it has a normal retirement age of 60 for all employees, and the benefits at retirement are paid according to a defined contribution plan. Industrial container, where Sherry works, has a minimum retirement age of 60. Employees (fulltime, hourly, or salaried) must meet participation requirements. Further, in contrast to the Progressive Apps plan,…Many small businesses have to squeeze down costs any way they can just to survive. One way many businesses do this is by hiring workers as independent contractors rather than as regular employees. Unlike rules for regular employees, a business does not have to pay social security (FICA) taxes and unemployment insurance payments for independent contractors. Similarly, it does not have to withhold federal, state, or local income taxes or the employee’s share of FICA taxes. The IRS has a 20-factor test determining whether a worker should be considered an employee or a contractor, but many businesses ignore those rules or interpret them loosely in their favor. When workers are treated as independent contractors, they do not get a W-2 form at tax time (they geta 1099 instead), they do not have any income taxes withheld, and they find themselves subject to self-employment taxes, by which they bear the brunt of both the employees and the employer’s share of FICA taxes. Requirements…
- Michiko and Saul are planning to attend the same university next year. The university estimates tuition, books, fees, and living costs to be 12,000 per year. Michikos father has agreed to give her the 12,000 she needs to attend the university. Saul has obtained a job at the university that will pay him 14,000 per year. After discussing their respective arrangements, Michiko figures that Saul will be better off than she will. What, if anything, is wrong with Michikos thinking?LO.2 Does the taxpayer recognize gross income in the following situations? a. Ava is a filing clerk at a large insurance company. She is permitted to leave the premises for lunch, but she usually eats in the companys cafeteria because it is quick and she is on a tight schedule. On average, she pays 2 for a lunch that would cost 12 at a restaurant and it cost her employer 10 to prepare. However, if the prices in the cafeteria were not so low and the food was not so delicious, she would probably bring her lunch at a cost of 3 per day. b. Scott is an executive for an international corporation located in New York City. Often he works late, taking telephone calls from the companys European branch. Scott often stays in a company-owned condominium when he has a late-night work session. The condominium is across the street from the company office and has the technology needed to communicate with employees and customers throughout the world. c. Ira recently moved to take a job. For the first month on the new job, Ira was searching for a home to purchase or rent. During this time, his employer permitted Ira to live in an apartment the company maintains for customers during the buying season. The month that Ira occupied the apartment was not during the buying season, and the apartment would not otherwise have been occupied.LaMont works for a company in downtown Chicago. The firm encourages employees to use public transportation (to save the environment) by providing them with transit passes at a cost of $270 per month. a. If LaMont receives one pass (worth $270) each month, how much of this benefit must he include in his gross income each year? b. If the company provides each employee with $270 per month in parking benefits, how much of the parking benefit must LaMont include in his gross income each year?
- Adam Fleeman, a skilled carpenter, started a home improvement business with Tom Collins, a master plumber. Adam and Tom are concerned about the payroll taxes they will have to pay. Assume they form an S corporation, and each earns a salary of $85,000 from the corporation; in addition, they expect their share of business profits to be $60,000 each. How much combined Social Security tax and Medicare tax (Employee Rate=7.65%; Employer Rate=7.65%) will Adam and the corporation have to pay on his salary and profits?After graduating from college, Shelley Williams held several different jobs but found that she did not enjoy working for other people. Finally, she and Yvonne Hargrove, her college roommate, decided to start a business of their own. They rented a small building and opened a florist shop selling cut flowers such as roses and chrysanthemums that they bought from a local greenhouse. Williams and Hargrove agreed orally to share profits and losses equally, although they also decided to take no money from the operation for at least four months. No other arrangements were made, but the business did reasonably well, and after the first four months had passed, each began to draw out $500 in cash every week. At year-end, they took their financial records to a local accountant so that they could get their income tax returns completed. He informed them that they had been operating as a partnership and that they should draw up formal articles of partnership agreement or consider incorporation or…Rick, who is single, has been offered a position as a city landscape consultant. The position pays $147,800 in cash wages. Assume Rick has no dependents. Rick deducts the standard deduction instead of itemized deductions and he is not eligible for the qualified business income deduction. (Use the tax rate schedules.) b-1. Suppose Rick receives a competing job offer of $139,000 in cash compensation and nontaxable (excluded) benefits worth $8,800. What is the amount of Rick’s after-tax compensation for the competing offer?
- Faith Battle operates a health food store, and she has beenthe only employee. Her business is growing, and she is consideringhiring some additional staff to help her in the store.Explain to her the various payroll deductions that she willhave to account for, including their potential impact on herfinancial statements, if she hires additional staff.Adam Fleeman, a skilled carpenter, started a home improvement business with Tom Collins, a master plumber. Adam and Tom are concerned about the payroll taxes they will have to pay. Assume they form an S corporation and each earns a salary of $80,000 from the corporation; in addition, they expect their share of business profits to be $60,000 each. How much Social Security tax and Medicare tax (or self-employment tax) will Adam, Tom, and their corporation have to pay on their salary and profits?Ben Bates graduated from college six years ago with a finance undergraduate degree. Although he is satisfied with his current job, his goal is to become an investment banker. He feels that an MBA degree would allow him to achieve this goal. After examining schools, he has narrowed his choice to either Wilton University or Mount Perry College. Although internships are encouraged by both schools, to get class credit for the internship, no salary can be paid. Other than internships, neither school will allow its students to work while enrolled in its MBA program. Ben currently works at the money management firm of Dewey and Louis. His annual salary at the firm is $65,000 per year, and his salary is expected to increase at 3 percent per year until retirement. He is currently 28 years old and expects to work for 40 more years. His current job includes a fully paid health insurance plan, and his current average tax rate is 26 percent. Ben has a savings account with enough money to cover the…
