MPEG output is made up of three types of frames: I, P, and B. Nearly all of the pixels will be similar from frame to frame in situations when the camera and backdrop are immobile and one or two characters move around slowly. Simply subtracting each frame from the preceding one and applying JPEG on the difference will suffice in this case. This approach, on the other hand, fails miserably in situations when the camera is panning or zooming. Assume that the scenes are transmitted via UDP and that the backdrop of the scenes is stationary. UDP may lose some frames as a result of poor communication. Which of the three frames (I, P, or B) is the most important?

MPEG output is made up of three types of frames: I, P, and B. Nearly all of the pixels will be similar from frame to frame in situations when the camera and backdrop are immobile and one or two characters move around slowly. Simply subtracting each frame from the preceding one and applying JPEG on the difference will suffice in this case. This approach, on the other hand, fails miserably in situations when the camera is panning or zooming. Assume that the scenes are transmitted via UDP and that the backdrop of the scenes is stationary. UDP may lose some frames as a result of poor communication. Which of the three frames (I, P, or B) is the most important?

Systems Architecture

7th Edition

ISBN:9781305080195

Author:Stephen D. Burd

Publisher:Stephen D. Burd

Chapter6: System Integration And Performance

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21VE

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Three different kinds of frames are used in the production of MPEG output: I, P, and B. When the camera and background remain stationary and just one or two actors move slowly from frame to frame, almost all of the pixels will be nearly identical from one frame to another. In this instance, just subtracting each frame from the previous one and applying JPEG to the difference would sufficient to get the desired result. While this technique works well in most circumstances, it fails horribly in situations when the camera is panning or zooming. Assume that the scenes are being sent over UDP and that the background of the scenes is stationary during the transmission. As a consequence of insufficient communication, UDP may lose certain frames. How significant do you think the first frame (I), the second frame (P), and the third frame B are?
1. MPEG output consists of three kinds of frames – I, P, and B frames. For scenes in which the camera and background are stationary and one or two actors are moving around slowly, nearly all the pixels will be identical from frame to frame. Here, just subtracting each frame from the previous one and running JPEG on the difference would do fine. However, for scenes where the camera is panning or zooming, this technique fails badly. Let us assume that the background of scenes is stationary, and the scenes are sent on UDP. Due to an unreliable communication, UDP may loss some of the frames. Which frame (I, P or B) is significant? Thank you so much in advance.
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