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Name: Mutation rates are typically low due toa. proofreading by DNA polymera
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Description: Mutation rates are typically low due toa. proofreading by DNA polymerase.b. DNA repair enzymes.c. silent mutations.d. None of these are correct.e. All of these are correct.

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Biology

Mutation rates are typically low due toa. proofreading by DNA polymerase.b. DNA repair enzymes.c. silent mutations.d. None of these are correct.e. All of these are correct.

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter10: Biotechnology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7RQ: What is the most challenging issue facing genome sequencing? a. the inability to develop fast and...

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the most efficient general strategy for whole genome sequencing is ? (a) double the coding sequence after sequencing the proteins (b) shotgun sequence and assemble based on overlaps (c) identify mutations that affect glycolysis (d) obtain recombinant DNA clone maps before starting the sequencing (e) obtain comprehensive SNP maps before determining the order of DNA clone
DNA Repair Systems a. counteract spontaneous and induced mutations b. counteract induced mutations only c. counteract amino acid changes introduced by mutations d. prevent DNA damage
In general, all mutations can be considered harmful, because most genetic systems are already optimized to work correctly and efficiently. A. True b. False; mutations are considered harmful only if they have a direct effect on the ability of cells to synthesize DNA c. False; some mutations are harmful, and some are considered beneficial
A researcher is performing PCR to amplify a sample of DNA. Unfortunately, he forgot to add the DNA primer prior to starting the experiment. Which of the following results is he most likely to observe? a. The reaction will work, but at a significantly slower rate. b. The reaction will work, but the product will contain many undesired mutations. c. The reaction will work, but amplify a region that was not his target. d. The reaction will be completely unsuccessfu
What is the most challenging issue facing genome sequencing? a. the inability to develop fast and accurate sequencing techniques b. the ethics of using information from genomes at the individual level c. the availability and stability of DNA d. all of the above
Mutagens can cause mutations bya. chemically altering DNA nucleotides.b. disrupting DNA replication.c. altering the genetic code of an organism.d. all of the above.e. a and b only.
What specifically will happen if DNA polymerase is inaccurate during DNA synthesis? Explain how this inaccuracy might affect the organism.
The problem of synthesizing the lagging strand, in the sense that DNA synthesis can only occur in one direction, is manifested inA. creation of primers every so often as more of the template strand isuntwisted.B. formation of shorter DNA strands called Okazaki fragments.C. the need for the enzyme ligase to link short DNA strands together.D. All of the above choices are correct.
Which statement is true? a. There is no danger involved in recombinant DNA research in humans. b. Stringent safety rules make the use of recombinant DNA research impossible. c. There is no danger in releasing recombinant organisms into the environment. d. Stringent safety rules make the use of recombinant DNA research possible. e. There is no danger involved in recombinant DNA research in bacteria.
A DNA library is aa) A DNA fragment inserted into a vector.b) A general collection of all genes sequenced thus far.c) All DNA fragments identified with a probe.d) A collection of DNA fragments that make up the entire genome of a particular organism.
Most PCR reactions do not use the more expensive types of DNA polymerase, which have DNA proofreading. How might this be a problem in accurately copying specific DNA sequences of the target gene?
The polymerase chain reaction uses Taq polymerase rather than a DNA polymerase from E. coli, because Taq polymerasea) introduces fewer errors during DNA synthesis.b) is heat-stable.c) can initiate DNA synthesis at a wider variety of sequences.d) can denature a double-stranded DNA template.e) is easier to obtain.