Mutations in mitochondrial genes often affect pancreatic beta-cell function because a majority of the mitochondrial genes code for electron transport proteins. mutations in mitochondrial genes often lead to decreased ATP production. mutations in mitochondrial genes often lead to increased ROS production. pancreatic beta-cells require high levels of ATP to signal insulin release. all of the above

Mutations in mitochondrial genes often affect pancreatic beta-cell function because a majority of the mitochondrial genes code for electron transport proteins. mutations in mitochondrial genes often lead to decreased ATP production. mutations in mitochondrial genes often lead to increased ROS production. pancreatic beta-cells require high levels of ATP to signal insulin release. all of the above

Essentials of Pharmacology for Health Professions

7th Edition

ISBN:9781305441620

Author:WOODROW

Publisher:WOODROW

Chapter23: Endocrine System Drugs

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15CRQ

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Which of the following statements about glucose regulation is FALSE? *Glucagon is released by the alpha cells when blood glucose levels are low.Insulin is released by the beta cells when blood glucose levels are high.Glucagon stimulates the formation of glycogen in the liver.Individuals with Type II diabetes produce insulin, but the insulin receptors don’t work.Insulin makes body cells more permeable to glucose.
People with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are generally not ketosis prone. This is thought to be a result of: the lack of increase in glucagons in the se individuals the presence of insulin in the individuals their obesity the fact that, their blood glucose levels do not tend to rise significantly Metabolic actions of insulin include all of the following except: increased glycogenesis decreased gluconeogenesis increased basal metabolic rate increased skeletal muscle amino acid up-take all of the above are metabolic actions of insulin
Which of the following statements about the integration of fat and carbohydrate metabolism control is correct? a. High insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in muscle b. High insulin/glucagon ratio inhibits lipogenesis in liver. c. Low insulin/glucagon ratio activates lipolysis in adipocytes. d. Insulin-dependent glucose transporters are recruited to their functional membrane site when insulin levels are low
Which of the following are the effects of insulin on skeletal muscle cells and which are not? Which are the effects of insulin on adipocytes? Inhibits gluconeogenesis Inhibits lipolysis Stimulates glucose entry into cell Stimulates glycogenolysis Stimulates triglyceride synthesis
Insulin is responsible for which of the following functions? Stimulating the breakdown of fat and proteins into glucose Stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to glucose Increases sugar levels in bloodstream Transports glucose into cells
Which of the following statements concerning insulin is NOT true? a. Insulin can increase glycogen synthesis. b. The presence of insulin can increase glucose uptake. c. Insulin can increase the secretion of epinephrine. d. It is secreted by the beta cell of pancreas. e. Glucose in blood can up-regulate the secretion of insulin.
Which of the following statements about insulin istrue?a. Insulin acts as a transport protein, carryingglucose across the cell membrane.b. Insulin facilitates the movement of intracellularglucose transporters to the cell membrane.c. Insulin stimulates the breakdown of storedglycogen into glucose.d. Insulin stimulates the kidneys to reabsorbglucose into the bloodstream
Which of the following is a condition characterized by inability to produce sufficient insulin? Group of answer choices Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency Type 2 Diabetes Type 1 Diabetes Lactose intolerance Which of the following tissue types is likely to be the most gluconeogenic? Group of answer choices liver muscle brain tumor Which of the following are likely to result in a decreased ability of muscle to take up glucose in response to high blood glucose levels? (select all that apply) Group of answer choices lack of glucagon receptor expression decreased levels of insulin receptors lack of pancreatic β cells increased expression of GLUT2 increased levels of α-amylase in the small intestine
Increasing blood glucose concentration during the absorptive period in healthy individuals a.Stimulates Pancreas to secrete Glucagon b.Inhibits glucose uptake by liver and peripheral tissues c.Stimulates Pancreas to secrete Insulin d.All of the above
During the FEED cycle, the two major effects of INSULIN on the liver involves ____. Select one: a. glucose consumption (glycolysis and glycogen synthesis), fatty Acid and TAG synthesis b. glucose release and fatty acid synthesis c. TAG and fatty acid degradation d. gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis
Hypoglycemia is low blood sugar (glucose). Various hormones are secreted in an attempt to increase… Show more Hypoglycemia is low blood sugar (glucose). Various hormones are secreted in an attempt to increase plasma sources of energy. Which hormones could help with this ? Insulin, somatostatin, thyroxin GH, epinephrine, cortisol, glucagon Thyroxin, insulin, cortisol, glucagon Insulin, bile, glycerol, glycogen • Show less
Select the FOUR statements below that describe an individual who does not require insulin injections (insulin independent). Please explain. Beta cells secrete insulin in response to increased blood glucose levels. Beta cells secrete insulin in response to decreased blood glucose levels. Urine samples indicate high levels of glucose. Urine samples indicate no glucose. Muscle, liver cells, and adipose tissue are permeable to glucose. Muscle, liver, cells and adipose tissue are impermeable to glucose. Water excretion is normal. Extra water is excreted.