Q: What are tumor-specific transplantation antigens (TSTAS)?
A: Antigens - Antigens are defined as the molecules which are capable of causing immunogenicity and…
Q: The function of Th lymphocytes at the immunological synapse is to __________. View Available Hint(s)…
A: Option a
Q: pattern recognition receptor is cell receptor on a. cytokine b. monocyte c. epitope d. A and B
A: Pattern recognition receptor is found on the cells in our immune system.
Q: - - ● What if lost limbs or organs could be regenerated?
A: The development of a complete organism from parts of the organism's body that are accidentally cut…
Q: Explain in detail about sequential event leading to foreign body reaction that lead to formation of…
A: The body has the ability to heal itself. Whenever injury or wound occurs in the body and the process…
Q: List specific reasons why the inflammatoryresponse is considered a body defense mechanism.
A: Red blood cells also claimed as erythrocytes, white blood cells also dignified as leukocytes, and…
Q: Name 4 mechanisms of innate immune defense
A: Innate immune defense system- In case of a pathogen attack, protection systems which activate…
Q: 6. - In a table, illustrate the differences between natural, artificial, active and passive immunity…
A: Adaptive immune responses are produced by lymphocytes.
Q: What would be the consequence of a failure to express CD40 ligand by CD4+ T helper cells?
A: INTRODUCTION CD40L (gp39) is a 33 kDa protein almost exclusively expressed by activated CD4+ T…
Q: One of the following cells is NOT derived from the lymphoid lineage Select one: PMN NK T cells B…
A: A defense system that consists of many biological structures and processes inside organisms in order…
Q: Which subtype of T cells is destroyed by the HIV virus?
A: HIV or the human immunodeficiency viruses is a type of Lentivirus (a subgroup of the retrovirus,…
Q: Which cytokine does not activate NK cells early in a viral infection? a. IFN-a b. IFN-b c. IFN-g d.…
A: Interferon alpha or a is produced due to leukocytes infected with virus. Interferon beta or b…
Q: How are B cells that are self-reactive in the lymph nodes are handled? How is it detected? Does it…
A: The B cells are inactive or in a resting state under normal conditions. After the antigenic…
Q: Give a brief overview of the inflammatory response of the innate immune system, the three key cell…
A: Each and every organism, either eukaryotes or prokaryotes have their own defense mechanism to…
Q: Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells is characteristic of diabetes. --- O Type 1 O Type 2…
A: Autoimmune destruction of pancreas refers to the destruction of the cells present in the pancreas.
Q: Cytokine associated with development of autism is- IFN-gamma O TNF-alpha O IL-6 O IL=1 beta
A: Cytokine These are small proteins that are involved in cell signalling. These are the components…
Q: which of the following cells is derived from a mesenchymal lineage a. mast cell b. neutrophil c.…
A: Stem cells are the cells that are undifferentiated and can differentiate into a particular cell type…
Q: Please answer fast The immune system uses two different pathways to eliminate intracellular and…
A: Adaptive immune responses include cell-mediated and humoral immune responses.
Q: Why is the response to T-independent antigens important medically?
A: Importance of T independent antigen medically -- T cells -- These are type of lymphocyte ,White…
Q: inflammation can be occur without .3 * harmful events F
A: Inflammation is a defense mechanism initiated by the body's white blood cells and the consequent…
Q: The inflammatory lesion which is described as blister with clear fluid inside is called a
A: The inflammatory lesion which is described as blister with a clear fluid inside is called as Bulla.
Q: 3. Artificial serum containing media contains ------% serum in it.
A: Cell growth media Growth media is the artificial media that is enriched with all necessary…
Q: Why are the axillary lymph nodes often biopsied in cases of suspected breast cancer?
A: Cancer is a genetic disease. It is not a single disease rather, it is two or more hundreds of…
Q: NK cells expressing high levels of _____ become abundant during CMV infection. a. CD56 b. HLA-E…
A: They are large granular cells. They do not have antigen receptor-like b cell and t cell instead has…
Q: BONUS Name FOUR autoimmune disorders Credit will be given for the well-recognized mune disorders…
A: 1. Addison disease. 2. Celiac disease - sprue (gluten-sensitive enteropathy) 3. Dermatomyositis. 4.…
Q: 3 general components of serum that help phagocytosis
A: 3 general components of serum are- Recognition and Opsonization Immunoglobulins and Their…
Q: The primary role of complement control proteins that operate in the early stages of complement…
A: In response to antigenic stimulation, antibodies are produced which are immunoglobulins. The…
Q: 16. Which cell type assist and interact with both humoral and cell-mediated immunity? A. Macrophages…
A: 16) Helper T cells along with B cells differentiate into plasma B cells which produces antibodies…
Q: Why are CD8+/αβT-cells important? Explain the function of the mature activated CD8+/αβT-cell and…
A: White blood cells also called leukocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in…
Q: What is the major defect in AIDS, and what causes it?
A: AIDS is Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. AIDS is a chronic and life-threatening disorder. AIDS is…
Q: What is the role of histamine in inflammatory response? Name few drugs which reduce the symptoms of…
A: Allergy is referred to as the hypersensitiveness of a person to some foreign substance when coming…
Q: main symptoms of an acute inflammatory reaction
A: Acute inflammation is a short term response / process which occurs in response to tissue injury and…
Q: Describe systemic effects of Inflammation-2 possibly beneficial effects & 2 possibly harmful effects
A: Inflammation is the type of protective tissue response to the injury or destruction of the tissues…
Q: complement cascade in the inflammatory
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Q: Match the following with A. First line of defense, B. second line of defense, C third line of…
A: INTRODUCTION In the human body there are three lines of defence it may fight against the…
Q: Identify the virus responsible for adult T-cell leukemia.
A: Adult T-cell leukemia is a mature T- cell malignancy, characterized by organomegaly, hypercalcemia…
Q: inflammation can be occur without .3 harmful events F.
A: Inflammation It is a process of biological response to a local tissue injury characterized by…
Q: Outline the events that occur when an F+ cell encounters an F- cell
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Q: Each sentence below describes a step of inflammation. Indicate the order in which these steps occur…
A: Inflammation could be a defense mechanism utilized by your body's white blood cells and also the…
Q: PAMPS, TLRs, interferon
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Q: 29. Explain why the engineered T cells taken from one cancer patient will not work as a cancer…
A: To understand the mechanism of lymphocyte we have to understand the T cells Lymphocytes --These are…
Q: Question:- Biology Describe the cellular branch of adaptive immunity and name its key effector…
A: The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large locus on vertebrate DNA that contains a…
Q: Mature T-lymphocytes that have completed their “training” accumulate in which of the following…
A: Immune system is system which helps our body to fight against the foreign substances which will…
Q: The inflammatory response leads to increased activity of all of the following EXCEPT: Group of…
A: The inflammatory response leads to increased activity of vascular permeability , number of…
Q: For allograft transplantation: (a) How do doctors avoid hyperacute rejection?
A: Transplant rejection is the point at which the organ beneficiary's immune framework recognises the…
Q: 7.- . - Write an essay including the following points;- Discuss three differences between antigen…
A: Antigens are a toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body,…
Q: What type of defense is occurring when mucin flows off the epithelium and carries pathogens with it?…
A: The immune system in our body is responsible for protecting us. The entire immune system is divided…
Q: 13.Which is NOT an example of innate defense? 13.Which is NOT an example of innate defense? Note:…
A: Immunity is a phenomenon which helps an organisms to fight against the harmful pathogens so that…
Name 3 cells and their functions in acute inflammatory response----and 1 cell that is of primary importance in chronic inflammation
The 3 cells are which include inflammation response are neutrophils and in accordance with monocytes, lymphocytes include (T cells, as well as B cells).
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- Over time, cancer cells are known to produce weakly antigenic variants of cell surface proteins. This will result in ----. protection of cells from the immune system increase in cancer cell death by the immune system Neither A nor B. It will make no difference. Therapeutic antibodies used in the treatment of cancer are targeted at proteins located On the cell surface of cancer cells. On the cell surface of normal cells. In the nucleus of cancer cells. In the cytoplasm of cancer cells. C and D.MM, a 54-year old female presents to the Family Medicine Clinic due to a 2-week history of increasing shortness of breath and cough and mild/moderate pain in left side. She was diagnosed with infiltrating intraductal adenocarcinoma of the left breast 5 years ago; at that time, ER(-)/ PR(-); her-2/neu(+); p53(+); staged as having T3N1M0, stage IIIA, high-risk breast cancer. She underwent a modified radical mastectomy with axillary node dissection followed by 6 cycles of CMF chemotherapy. Her mother and sister also had a history of breast cancer. Past Medical History Gravida 4, para 4; menses onset age 13; HTN x 10 years; Type 2 DM x 8 years; breast CA described above; remained disease free until present follow up. Past Surgical History: Left modified radical mastectomy 5 years ago; cholecystectomy 14 years ago. Medications: Glyburide, 5mg PO BID Verapamil SR, 240mg PO daily Furosemide, 40mg PO daily Allergies: NKDA Physical Examination: GEN: Well-developed, obese woman in no…The head of the oncology divison of a large biotech company proposes to develop a therapeutic antibody to treat cancers with mutant B-Raf oncogene. Is this a good idea? Why or why not(limit 3-4 sentences)?
- certain tumor types secrete FSH-can you elaborate on this malignancy/tumor type? Can you please help me with this question? Thank you in advance!You are growing up myoblasts, C2C12 cells, to use in a myogenic study. You are using T-150 flasks with a culture area of 150 cm^2 and when confluent contains 2 x 10^7 cells. Question: You seed a culture at 8 am on Monday with 5 x 10^5 cells. Assume all survive, a generation time of 18 hours and all cells are actively dividing. When would you expect them to be confluent? A) 7:24 AM on Saturday B) 8 pm on Tuesday C) 8 am on Tuesday D) 9 pm on Thursday E) 12:48 pm on Wednesday F) They won't grow that longYou are growing up myoblasts, C2C12 cells, to use in a myogenic study. You are using T-150 flasks with a culture area of 150 cm2 and when confluent contains 2 x 107 cells. 2) You seed a culture of squamous epithelial cells at 8 am on Monday with 1.2 x 105 cells. The next day at 8 am you harvest the cells. You know from past studies that the generation time is 26 hours for this cell line. How many cells do you predict you should have on hand? A) 1.64 x 10^5 cells B) 4.56 x 10^3 cells C) 5.23 x 10^10 cells D) 1.75 x 10^8 cells E) None of these
- i want the solution of this assingment please. 1- Typical N-terminal signal sequence ( include description, function, and how they work)2- list address codes for different parts of the cell3- Stop transfer sequence ( description, function, how they work)Question:- Immune cells from the innate immunity arm are capable of participating in adaptive immunity. can you describe how it is possible for innate immune cells to contribute to adaptive immunity?Which of the following are involved in microtubule stabilization or growth? Choose all that apply Side-binding MAPs CLASP Op18/stathmin Tau Kinesin-13 XMAP215 EB-1 << Previous
- p53 is a gene / protein often associated with cancer. Why? What does p53 do? What kind of gene is it? Is it associated more with any one particular type of cancer or all cancers? Tell me more about p53, but please do not exceed one typed page.You are growing up myoblasts, C2C12 cells, to use in a myogenic study. You are using T-150 flasks with a culture area of 150 cm2 and when confluent contains 2 x 107 cells.You are growing up myoblasts ) If 20% of a culture of human cells have a DNA content somewhere between 1&2*s (S-phase=8 hours) and 1X amount of DNA in non-dividing cells. What is the generation time?14 of 16 Which experimental technique would be useful in determining whether a particular chemical signal is a paracrine signal or not? Observation of the behaviour of single cells O Gene expression analysis Analysis of blood from nearby capillaries Chemical analysis of the signal molecule Analysis of extracellular fluid from the tissue in question