Name the chief intracellular electrolytes and the chief extracellular electrolytes.

Q: Explain the Plasma osmolality ?

A: The system that involves all fluid contained in cells by their plasma membranes is the intracellular…

Q: Discuss the buffering of Hydrogen Ion in the Body?

A: The cells are the basic unit of life. Based on the number of cells an organism can be unicellular or…

Q: What two chemicals are altered in metabolic acid-base disturbances?

A: It is controlled or kept in balance by the lungs, kidney and the buffer systems. Acidosis is a…

Q: List the routes by which electrolytes enter and leave the body.

A: The fluids inside the body are distributed in such a way that they are not uniformly distributed as…

Q: Explain how an acid-base buffer system functions.

A: The potential of hydrogen (pH) is used as an indicator of the acidity level in the human body. The…

Q: Explain the actions of the three buffer systems of the body

A: The buffer systems functioning in blood plasma include plasma proteins, phosphate, and bicarbonate…

Q: Why is homeostasis of fluid and electrolyte balance so important?

A: homeostasis is the condition of the consistent inside, physical, and chemical conditions kept up by…

Q: What are the principal physiological eff ects of acidosis and alkalosis?

A: Systemic effects of acidosis. several of the general effects of acidosis area unit common to the…

Q: Definitions of acidosis and alkalosis are provided. In this system, what role do buffers play?

A: The process of formation of ketone bodies is known as ketogenesis. Ketone bodies include…

Q: Determine main cause of Acid-Base Disturbance with compensation (if there is one) pH=7.50…

A: Acid base disturbance are common clinical conditions occurs when changes in pH due to changes or…

Q: Describe the following fluid compartments in the body Intracellular (ICF) Extracellular (ECF)…

A: The fluids in our body are separated by physical barriers which form compartments and on the basis…

Q: Describe the locations of intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, and blood…

A: A fluid compartment is a barrier that separates different body fluids from each other. It is broadly…

Q: What is electrolyte balance?

A: An equilibrium between the amount of electrolytes such as calcium, potassium and sodium  that is…

Q: What is the effect of adding water to the body?

A: Water is an essential part of human diet. Water makes up to near about 70 % of human body.

Q: Movement of water is controlled by which factor?

A: Movement of water occurs through the xylem cells of plants to reach all parts of plant body . As…

Q: What is the function of sodium ion in the body?

A: Sodium is a chemical element and an essential electrolyte that help the body to maintain water…

Q: What are the three principal body fluids and the approximate percentage of total body water…

A: A significant percentage of the human body is water, which includes intracellular and extracellular…

Q: List the six major electrolytes found in body fluids, other than H+ and HCO3–.

A: Electrolyte Balance:              The body comprises of enormous variety of ions or electrolytes. An…

Q: Define bicarbonate buffer system

A: The bicarbonate buffer system is an acid-base homeostatic mechanism that regulates the balance of…

Q: Name the three buffer systems of the body. Which ofthese systems provides the largest proportion of…

A: The buffer system is an aqueous solution of a weak acid and conjugate base. Protein and phosphate…

Q: How does acid deposition occur?

A: Acid rain or acid deposition is a term that is used to describes any form of precipitation with…

Q: ydrogen ions in body fluid

A: The human body has to maintain a certain “Potential of Hydrogen” (pH) level. The generation of…

Q: Define abscisic acid

A: Plant hormones are signal molecules generated inside the plants. It happens in very low…

Q: Explain how the respiratory system functions in theregulation of acid-base balance.

A: Buffer is a chemical system that help to protect our body from large fluctuations in pH. Buffering…

Q: What factors control the movement of water between interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid?

A: Water is the most important component of living organisms. Almost every living cell is composed of…

Q: Which current is used in electroporation?

A: Cell membranes are semi-permeable. This means that they cannot allow entry of everything across them…

Q: Describe the role of buffer systems andrespiratory and renal mechanisms in achievingand maintaining…

A: The potential of hydrogen (pH) is used as an indicator of the acidity level in the human body. The…

Q: what is  electroporation?

A: Molecular biology is a field of biological sciences that studies the structure, composition, and…

Q: Define the following terms:a. bufferb. acidosisc. alkalosisd. pHe. pKa

A: Every organelle in a cell maintains a fixed homeostatic pH. The maintenance of pH is done through…

Q: What is acid deposition, and what are the main sources of atmospheric acid

A: Smog is produced when sunlight reacts with nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere. Nitric oxide comes from…

Q: A high fever is likely to cause deep, rapid respirations,excessive perspiration, and higher…

A: Introduction : High fever which leads to having a high body temperature leads to a lot of…

Q: What is the normal range of electrolyte like potassium

A: Electric charge carrying minerals and other body fluids in the body is known by the term called…

Q: What does an increase in permeability mean for the movement of ions?

A: Ion is any atom or any molecule which is charged.It is charged because number of electrons is not…

Q: Suggest several functions performed by water in the body andthe significance of each.

A: Water is the main constituent of blood plasma. Water is also produced at the end of electron…

Q: What is the intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF)?

A: A semi-permeable membrane separates the extracellular fluid (ECF) from the intracellular fluid…

Q: What is the percentage of water and blood in human body?

A: One of the most important resources in the world is water. To live, water must be available for both…

Q: How does the respiratory rate change when more hydrogenions enter the blood, and how does this…

A: Blood is a fluid connective tissue that carries oxygen, glucose, and nutrients throughout the body.…

Q: Determine main cause of Acid-Base Disturbance with compensation (if there is one) pH=7.36…

A: Acid base disturbance are common clinical conditions occurs when changes in pH due to changes or…

Q: Describe metabolic role of sodium and chloride.

A: Sodium and chloride are mineral nutrients of which serve as major electrolytes of the body.…

Q: Explain the renal mechanism of acid-base balance in human body.

A: Introduction :- In vertebrates, the kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped organs. They are…

Q: what is Fluid and electrolytes imbalance?

A: An electrolyte is a substance that dissociates into ions in a solution that maintains many…

Q: Explain how a high concentration of sodium ions in theinterstitial fluid affects intracellular fluid…

A: Introduction of Electrolytes: These are the minerals. These are mainly present in the blood And also…

Q: Define both metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis, identify some of the causes of each type of…

A: Introduction: Acid-base disorders are conditions characterized by changes in the concentration of…

Q: Consider the equilibrium shown below; indicating the buffering system in the blood circulation. CO2…

A: Arterial blood gas (ABG) is a procedure by which the amount of carbon di-oxide, partial level of…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.