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- create a cladogram summarizing the phylogenetic relationships among the different Phyla. Take note that some characters may be secondarily lost during the evolution of these different. there is a photo of example of cladogram belowUsing the terms listed below, answer all the parts to this question regarding the cladogram for the frogs Anatomy of a Cladogram Sympleisiomorphies—shared ancestral states Synapomorphies—shared, derived character states Autapomorphies—unique, derived character states Homoplasies—the result of parallel or convergent evolution where 2 or more organisms independently acquire the same character state (could be the result of a reversal—when, in a particular lineage, a character reverts from a derived back to an ancestral state). Similarity in appearance, but not origin. Monophyletic group—group of all descendants of a common ancestor Paraphyletic group—group of some, but not all, descendants of a common ancestor Polyphyletic group – group of individuals that descend from more than one common ancestor Polytomy—3 or more taxa emerging from a single node who do not share the most common ancestor Homologies—Similarities resulting from descent from a common ancestor Analogies - Similarities…Using the terms listed below, answer all the parts to this question regarding the cladogram for the frogs Anatomy of a Cladogram Sympleisiomorphies—shared ancestral states Synapomorphies—shared, derived character states Autapomorphies—unique, derived character states Homoplasies—the result of parallel or convergent evolution where 2 or more organisms independently acquire the same character state (could be the result of a reversal—when, in a particular lineage, a character reverts from a derived back to an ancestral state). Similarity in appearance, but not origin. Monophyletic group—group of all descendants of a common ancestor Paraphyletic group—group of some, but not all, descendants of a common ancestor Polyphyletic group – group of individuals that descend from more than one common ancestor Polytomy—3 or more taxa emerging from a single node who do not share the most common ancestor Homologies—Similarities resulting from descent from a common ancestor Analogies - Similarities…
- A 2015 article in Nature has summarized the early history of jawed vertebrates using highlights from recent discoveries and how they have changed our understanding of vertebrate evolution. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/04/140416133336.htm Question: Given these recent discoveries, how should the cladogram below change? Describe it. It will likely be helpful to reference a synapomorphy noted on the cladogram.Based on this matrix, is my cladogram correctly done? 1.a) What species on the cladogram are endothermic (fully endothermic species only=those that maintain their body temperature only with their metabolism = not sharks for instance)? 1.b) Considering the location and relationship of endotherms on the cladogram, what type of character (homologous, homoplasy: convergence or reversal) do you think endothermy is? try to use specific terminology: character, homologous characters, nom homologous characters, character states (or evolutionary stages of a character), ancestral (plesiomorphic), derived (apomorphic), homoplasy, convergence, reversal....Below is an example of a particular kind of phylogenetic tree called a chronogram. Chronoograms are named because the length of the branches represents different lengths of time. Nodes are represented by vertical lines, and branches with horizontal ones. They can be arranged horizontally, with the most recent evolutions on the right. Given this information, the taxa that is most closely related to Dubautia ciliolata c. 529 (highlighted below) is _________________ (make sure to type exactly the same characters, including the numbers; do not italicize).
- Which of the following is true regarding the way we define clades with characters? Select one: a. Autapomorphies are good characters to use because they describe every lineage of the clade and no other lineages b. Plesiomorphies are good characters to use because they describe every lineage of the clade and no other lineages c. Synapomorphies are good characters to use because they describe every lineage of the clade and no other lineages Please give me the correct answer quickly I will give you upvotenvestigate the changes in taxonomy since Linnaeus. Note major changes, such as the recognition that sponges are not plants (Linnaeus thought they were), the changing classification of barnacles (Linnaeus thought they were bivalves), and the breakdown of Linnaeus’s phylum, Vermes (worms). 2) Draw a cladogram of the primates, referring to Chapter 22. Include Homo sapiens and the other extinct species of the genus Homo to the best of our current knowledge. Compare to the cladograms in several of the most recent references listed in Chapter 22.Draw a phylogenetic tree/cladogram and enumerate each step of creating the phylogenetic tree per character Characters Outgroup Sp. A Sp. B Sp. C Sp. D Sp. E Sp. F C01 Absent Absent Present Present Absent Present Present C02 Absent Present Present Absent Absent Absent Present C03 Absent Present Present Present Present Present Present C04 Absent Absent Present Present Absent Present Present C05 Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Present C06 Absent Present Absent Absent Present Absent Absent asap please
- Through the phylogenetic tree of major groups of vertebrates provided below, answer the given table by numbering and naming each node in the diagram. Then list the names of each group and write down the shared characteristic(s) of it. You may add more rows if needed. Node Number (e.g. 1 - Gnasthostomata) Animal Group 1 Animal Group 2 Shared Characteristics of Animal Group 1 & 2Find a current, credible phylogenetic tree representing any group of organisms (your choice)! Draw that tree and on it indicate nodes, synapomorphes, monophyletic, polyphyletic, and paraphyletic groups (make sure the image you choose is complex enough to show all these groups). Below your drawing, in paragraph form, describe the relationships of four of the members on your tree based on how a phylogenetic tree is interpretedMatch the appropriate phylogenetic term to the 5 items.