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- A corporation has an excess input VAT due to its excessive local purchases of goods and services. This excess input VAT is accumulating every month and reached a significant value. The management is considering to deal with the excess input VAT. a. Determine the best option for the corporation in treating its excess input VAT to gain maximum tax benefit. Justify your answer. b. Assume that the excess input VAT is directly attributable to its Zero-rated VAT Sales, explain the options that could possibly be considered by the management.The government will be decreasingincome taxes. To an entity producingluxury bags, it would: A. Expect lower economic growth and may plan to produce less of these bags.B. Expect higher economic growth and may plan to produce more of these bags.C. Expect lower economic growth and may plan to produce more of these bags.D. Expect higher economic growth and may plan to produce less of these bags.Assume you are a fresh graduate from UPSA with Public Finance as one of your specializations. You have been employed by the Ministry of Finance in your country. The government of your country is in the process of designing a better tax system in order to maximize revenue for accelerated economic development.Explain two (2) major reasons why the incidence of taxation should be of paramount importance to the Government.
- If Congress wants to stimulate the economy, explainhow it might alter each of the following: (a) personaland corporate tax rates, (b) depreciation expenseschedules, and (c) the differential between the taxrate on personal income and long-term capitalgains. How would these changes affect corporateprofitability and free cash flow? How would theyaffect investors’ choices regarding which securities to hold in their portfolios? Might any of theseactions affect the general level of interest rates?subject : research methodology in accounting and finance We find that managers with military experience pursue less tax avoidance than other managers and pay an estimated $1–$2 million more in corporate taxes per firm-year. These managers also undertake less aggressive tax planning strategies with smaller tax reserves and fewer tax havens. Although they leave tax money on the table, boards hiring these managers benefit from reductions in other gray areas in corporate reporting. The broad implications are as follows: for employee selection, boards can consider employees’ personal characteristics as a control mechanism when outputs are difficult to contract ex ante or measure ex post. Review these articles and identify:a. research strategies used by authors (experiment, surveys, archival, field research, or other), unit of analysis, & time horizonb. Why do you think so? Give evidence!c. How the data is collected?d. How the data is analyzed?In countries which has low rate of tax collection, what will be its effect on business/entrepreneurs.
- Tax planning is the act of arranging one’s tax affairs in ways that postpone or avoid taxes. By employing effective tax planning variables, one can have more positive cash flows to save and invest or more money to spend.Required:Explain what constitutes the variables of tax planning. The Government of Ghana has been worried by the rising incidence of Transfer Pricing abuses by Multinational and Group Companies. For this reason, it introduced new transfer pricing rules and guidelines through the Transfer Pricing Regulations, 2012 (LI 2188).Required:a. Explain any four (4) objectives of the transfer pricing regulations of Ghanab. Explain the arm’s length principleWalkure A.G., a multinational corporation from Country A, announced the relocation of its manufacturing plants from Country B to Country C. The news about the relocation was never reported in the media. The move is expected to create positive synergies, as most of the company's other manufacturing operations are based in Country C. The relocation is also expected to lead to tax benefits. The company's shares are traded in three stock exchanges in Country A, Country B, and Country C. Share prices in the three stock exchanges responded to the relocation in three different ways: Country A: The share price increased drastically after the announcement. Country B: The share price decreased drastically after the announcement. Country C: The share price increased marginally after the announcement. Based solely on the information given, which of the following statements is least likely true of the stock exchanges? The exchange in Country A is most efficient, as the market reacted…Explain what happens in a small open economy when the government changes the tax laws to encourage investment by providing an investment tax credit.
- Assume you are a fresh graduate from UPSA with Public Finance as one of your specializations. You have been employed by the Ministry of Finance in your country. The government of your country is in the process of designing a better tax system in order to maximize revenue for accelerated economic development. Your superior has assigned you the task of assisting in designing the new tax system. Discuss what a good tax system would require and explain the specific economic challenges that affect taxation in your country.During the last few years, Jana Industries has been too constrained by the high cost of capital to make many capital investments. Recently, though, capital costs have been declining, and the company has decided to look seriously at a major expansion program proposed by the marketing department. Assume that you are an assistant to Leigh Jones, the financial vice president. Your first task is to estimate Jana’s cost of capital. Jones has provided you with the following data, which she believes may be relevant to your task: The firm’s tax rate is 40%. The current price of Jana’s 12% coupon, semiannual payment, noncallable bonds with 15 years remaining to maturity is $1,153.72. Jana does not use short-term interest-bearing debt on a permanent basis. New bonds would be privately placed with no flotation cost. The current price of the firm’s 10%, $100 par value, quarterly dividend, perpetual preferred stock is $116.95. Jana would incur flotation costs equal to 5% of the proceeds on a new issue. Jana’s common stock is currently selling at $50 per share. Its last dividend (D0) was $3.12, and dividends are expected to grow at a constant rate of 5.8% in the foreseeable future. Jana’s beta is 1.2, the yield on T-bonds is 5.6%, and the market risk premium is estimated to be 6%. For the own-bond-yield-plus-judgmental-risk-premium approach, the firm uses a 3.2% risk premium. Jana’s target capital structure is 30% long-term debt, 10% preferred stock, and 60% common equity. To help you structure the task, Leigh Jones has asked you to answer the following questions: (1) What sources of capital should be included when you estimate Jana’s weighted average cost of capital? (2) Should the component costs be figured on a before-tax or an after-tax basis? (3) Should the costs be historical (embedded) costs or new (marginal) costs?Suppose that during a certain week the Fed announces a new monetary growth policy, Congress surprisingly passes legislation restricting imports of foreign automobiles, and Ford comes out with a new car model that it believes will increase profits substantially. How might you go about measuring the market’s assessment of Ford’s new model?