oes a project's intended lifespan influence its estimated cost, particularly regarding maintenance

Q: a the bridge truss shown, the end chord AB is composed wo C 230 x 30 channels latticed together so…

A: C 230 x 230:Sx=25.5 x106 mm4A=380 mm2E=290 MPaFy= 290MPa

Q: Q3 The tollowing figure shows the layers of soil in a tube that is 100 mm x 100 mm in cross-section.…

A: soil samples are placed and a constant discharge of Q = 500cm3/hr  passes through it.The head…

Q: (a) The detached servant room of a quarter is having internal size of 3.0m x4.50m. It is to be…

A:

Q: strengths (for both LRFD and ASD) for the fol- lowing double-angle shape: 2L6 x 4 x , long legs…

A: The ASD approach ensures that working loads are not subjected to stresses exceeding the design…

Q: A rectangular raft, 3 m wide, 6 m long and 2 m high floats in water. It has a draught of 1.5 m.  Two…

A: Width of raft (B) = 3m Length of raft (L) = 6m Height of raft (H) = 2m The draught of the given raft…

Q: 4. The auditorium in Hancock Hall located on the campus of Virginia Tech is situated at 37°13'49"…

A: coordinate of Patton Hall=N37°13'49"…

Q: 04:Determine the moment of Inertia for the shaded area shown in figure with respect to a-a axis. پر…

A: A given section consists of a pabolic section and rectangular section for this section a triangle is…

Q: Q3) The pressure outside the droplet of water of diameter (0.04 mm) is (10.32 N/cm²) atmospheric…

A:

Q: 4. Classify the soil according to AASHTO. Describe the steps. Percent passing sieve No. 10, F₁0 =…

A: Percentage passing sieve No. 10, F10 = 80% Percentage passing sieve No. 40, F40 = 60% Percentage…

Q: PROBLEM A 12mm x 625mm plate of A36 steel is used as a tension member. It is connected to the gusset…

A: Plate size = (12 x 625) mm, this plate is connected to a gusset plate. A36 steel is used. So, yield…

Q: ***** Q5: Two water reservoirs with difference in elevation of 25m are connected by 300m of clean…

A: Elevation difference,  = 25 m Pipe length, L = 300 m Flowrate, Q = 250 L/s or 0.25 m3/s

Q: The cable is subjected to the triangular distributed load as shown in (Figure 1). Suppose that w =…

A: Data givenw = 150 lb/ftFind: Maximum tension developed in the cable

Q: 5. How does the presence of storage (in-ground and elevated) in a drinking water distribution system…

A: 5) The presence of storage like in-ground and elevated tanks in a drinking water distribution system…

Q: Pu 2. A 12mmx400mm steel plate has staggered holes arranged as shown. "b" 100mm 100mm 100mm 60 mm…

A:

Q: The 20 mm x 150 mm or mm diameter bolts in each leg. The bolts are 75 mm on center in each line and…

A:

Q: 35 m3 of water was pumped into a farm distribution system. 12 m3 of water is delivered to a turn out…

A:

Q: was found to be 2.65. Find the void ratio and the bulk and dry densities? If you know that the…

A:

Q: 1. What king of population growth equation is more likely appropriate in a downtown area, where…

A: solving first questionslet's discuss the why population growth equation more likely to appropriate…

Q: QUESTION 2 (pump characteristics) The following table provides the results of a pump performance…

A: Discharge and dynamic head is givenfind a.plot the characteristic curve b. plot the characteristic…

Q: For the inverse T-section beam that loaded as shown in figure, find the maximum tensile and…

A: A double overhanging beam is given we need to find out maximum tensile and compressive bending…

Q: A R 2m 2.4P 10.2 kN/m 2m 2m 1.2P ΣΜ. =0 B R(4)-2.4P(2)+1.2P(2) - 10.2(6)1-0 R=0.6P+15.3

A:

Q: Q2/ Design the footing shown the figure below, using fc = 24 Mpa and fy = 415 Mpa M = 800 KN-m DL=…

A: Solution:Given:M = 800 kNmDL = 800 kNLL = 800 kNColumn = 0.5 x 0.5 mthickness = 3 mfc = 24 MPafy =…

Q: Trichloroethene (TCE) is a common groundwater contaminant. In terms of cancer risk, which would be…

A: Concentration of TCE = 10 ppb or 0.01 mg/L Concentration of chloroform = 50 ppb or 0.05 mg/L

Q: A/ Use Castigliano's second theorem to determine the vertical deflection at joint B of the trusses…

A: The diagram of a truss is provided. We have to find out vertical deflection at B by using…

Q: Q1)(A) Discuss fluid viscosity and what differnce between newtenion fluid and non- newtonion fluid?

A: Viscosity :- Two adjacent layers of fluid ,  resist the motion of each other Such a fundamental…

Q: A built members compose of wide and two plates as shown in figure 120 mm 9 mm 200 mm 10 mm 10 mm 310…

A: given datafigure is given FINDA) moment of inertia along x axisB) maximum flexural stress if the…

Q: 36.6 кра 1 сокра · Sassouts inoys. 150 кра 36-6крис сиищји! н рию нишуюся - х по нотижо pint fun…

A: stress in X direction=-150KPastress in Y direction =-150KPashear stress =-36.6KPaFind major…

Q: 7. Consider the section shown. a=140 mm, b=410 mm, c=360 mm Calculate the following: 12 mm 12 mm a…

A:

Q: what is the force in member 2

A:

Q: 1 Using the given sections, all of A992 steel, and the plastic theory, determine the values of P,…

A: Two different diagrams are provided in the above figure. Both cases A992 steel is used. By using…

Q: Draw the normal force, shear force and bending moment diagrams for the following structure.

A:

Q: 2. A 100 ft. long structural steel beam is used in the construction of a bridge in an area where the…

A: Length of steel =100ftChange in temperature=1100 FFind change in length

Q: ank driver used brakes to stop at si mile/hr. determin the distance since

A:

Q: Situation 1: From the truss shown, each member has a cross-sectional area of A = 400 mm 2, E = 200…

A: Area of each member, A = 400mm2Young's modulus, E = 200GPaThe truss is loaded with a downwards point…

Q: 3. A pipe on a horizon reducing bend is used at a pressure in the incoming p force (and its…

A:

Q: 1. Two A36 16mm thick steel plates are connected by four rivets shown. 50 PU O 50 x 50 50 a.…

A:

Q: a trapezoidal channel with side slope of 1:1 is to carry a discharge of 45 m3/s and a mean velocity…

A: Side slope (m : 1) so m = 1 Discharge, Q = 45 m3/s Mean velocity, V = 0.6 m/s Bottom width, B = 5.3…

Q: The suction side of a pipe system gpm of water under a total head of 1 If the required NPSH is 9 ft,…

A:

Q: stimate the total excess/effective rainfall in mm for a 5% AEP storm. The temporal pattern…

A:

Q: 1. The recommended time-weighted average air concentration for occupational exposure to…

A: "As per Bartleby guidelines , When the question appears to be from a graded test but the date…

Q: (4.) Determine the internal normal force, pricar porcie, and moment in the beam at point c. bending…

A: The cantilever beam with uniformly varying load is shown. We have to find out the followings: Normal…

Q: For the truss shown, members BF, CF, CG, and DG each have cross-sectional areas of 750 mm². All…

A:

Q: The following results were obtained at failure in a series of drained triaxial tests on fully…

A: 38 mm diameter by 76 mm long specimen.    All-round pressure (kN/m2)= 200           400…

Q: A truck weighing 35 tons is traveling at 32 km/h round a curve track of 43 m radius. If the center…

A: Weight of vehicle = 35 tons Speed of vehicle= 32 kmph Radius of curve= R = 43 m C.G of truck above…

Q: 1- Find the steepest gradient on a 3-degree curve for a BG line with ruling gradient of 1 in 200. a.…

A: Degree of curve = 3° For BG line ruling gradient of 1 in 200 Steepest gradient = ?

Q: parametric surfaces play a role in 3D graphics, especially in CAD

A: Parametric surfaces play a crucial role in 3D graphics, particularly in Computer - Aided Design…

Q: 1. IRN 12kN A 30° I KN 5M 12kN 47 8 60° 3RN D 5M 609 E + 2kN F 5μ 30 2 KA Given the supports as Gx=…

A: Using the method of section: cut the section through the member BD, CD, and CECy = 9.12 kNFree body…

Q: 4. Compute and tabulate for the following closed polygon traverse: a. Azimuths b. Bearings Include a…

A: To find the azimuths and bearings of the closed traverse and to include a sketch for the same.

Q: A layer of soil having G = 2.67 and e = 0.67 is subjected to an upward head of 1.5 m due to seepage…

A: G = 2.67 e = 0.67 Fos = 2 To Find :The depth of soil layer required to provide a FOS of 2 against…

Q: Determine the safe load of the column section shown, if it has a yield strength of 25 MPa. E =…

A: E = 200000 MPaFy = 248 MPa

Estimating construction costs

The determination of the cost of various items that would be required to carry out a construction project successfully is termed the estimation of construction costs. For preparing an estimate, the quantities of the materials are calculated from the construction drawings or blueprint design using formulas, and using these quantities, the construction cost estimating is done. The estimation process can be manual or it can be computed using construction estimating softwares such as RSmeans, STACK, and ProEst.