of people employed: e) Was this change in the number of people employed due to a shift or a movement along the demand curve? (circle your answer) Shift Movement Along f) Intuition: Why does the profit maximizing level of labor input change with the living wage program (make sure you write out the profit maximizing condition and explain why it has changed i.e., why does the hiring company rationally change their quantity demanded of labor the way they did)? 2) Intuition. We also experience a movement along the labor supply curve. Explain the intuition here as in why are more people are willing to work using and explaining the substitution and income effects associated with labor supply. Which effect dominates and what has happened to the price of leisure given the living wage program?
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- Q1. Suppose the labor market is initially at its equilibrium, i.e., labor supplied equals labor demanded. Now suppose the government raises the retirement age from 65 to 67. Explain and show graphically how the increase of the retirement age affects the labor market. Draw the full graph and provide a detailed explanation of the effect. Label the axes/curves, explain why either the aggregate labor demand curve or the aggregate labor supply curve shifts, and describe the economic mechanism that moves the economy from the old to the new equilibrium.1. An economy's firms produce goods along the Cobb-Douglas production function: Y = A * K^0.5 * L^0.5 For it, the marginal product of a worker is MPL = 0.5 * A * K^0.5 / L^0.5, in which K = 16 Workers bargain for wage by looking at the rate of unemployment and inflationary surpise: w = 2 * EP/P *L^0.5 K = 16. The economy is in equilibrium at EP=P=1 and A=9. In it, the number of workers is L=9 and the wage is =6. Now, thanks to temporarily abundant oil, the productivity changed from A=9 to A=16. Find the new equilibrium number of workers. 2. Find the new equilibrium wage at A=16. 3. Graph the change in the labor market equilibrium. Mark the before and after equilibria with E0 and E1. Label axes and curves, map relevant values onto axes.Assume that there is a discovery of new accessible iron ore deposits off the coast of Newfoundlanc and Labrador and that because of this discovery, people from British Columbia migrate to Newfoundland and Labrador in search for higher paying jobs. What would be the impact on the equilibrium level of real wages and employment in the iron ore sector in Newfoundland and Labrador? Assume that we do not know the magnitude of any changes. the equilibrium real wage rate will decrease but the equilibrium level of employment will increase. 0.the equilibrium level of employment will increase but the change in the real wage rate is unknown. 0.the equilibrium real wage rate will increase but the change in the equilibrium level of employment is unknown. 0.the equilibrium real wage rate will decrease but the change in the equilibrium level of employment is unknown. 0.the equilibrium real wage rate and the equilibrium level of employment will increase.
- The marginal product of labor in the econonomy is MPN=130-0.5N, and the supply of labor is 200+2w. N is the amount of labor and w is the real wage. What is the market clearing real wage and equilibrium employment What happens if the minimum wage is $9.00 How would a government imposed lump sum tax impact the real wage and labor marketSuppose that the aggregate demand and aggregate supply schedules for a hypothetical economy are as shown in the following table Amount of Price Level Amount of Real GDP (Price Index) Real GDP Demanded, Supplied, Billions Billions $100 300 $450 200 250 400 300 200 300 400 150 200 500 100 100 a. Use the data above to graph the agregate demand and aggregate supply curves. What are the…Suppose the demand for labor is given by MPN = 200 - 0.5N where N is the number of workers and MPN = the real wage w. The supply of labor is given by 100 + 4w where w is the real wage. The government imposes a minimum wage of 60. This minimum wage creates ____. unemployed workers (willing to work at this wage but do not have jobs) in this labor market.
- Suppose the marginal product of labor in the economy is given by MPN = 200 – 0.5N, while the supply of labor is 100 + 4w Find the market-clearing real wage rate What happens if the government imposes a minimum wage of 40? Is there involuntary unemployment? What happens if the government imposes a minimum wage of 60? Is there involuntary unemployment?Suppose that a hypothetical economy has the following relationship between its real output and the input quantities necessary for producing that output: a. What is productivity in this economy?b. What is the per-unit cost of production if the price of each input unit is $2?c. Assume that the input price increases from $2 to $3 with no accompanying change in productivity. What is the new per-unit cost of production? In what direction would the $1 increase in input price push the economy’s aggregate supply curve? What effect would this shift of aggregate supply have on the price level and the level of real output?d. Suppose that the increase in input price does not occur but, instead, that productivity increases by 100 percent. What would be the new per-unit cost of production? What effect would this change in per-unit production cost have on the economy’s aggregate supply curve? What effect would this shift of aggregate supply have on the price level and the level of real output?Set 1: Equilibrium output1.Government. Suppose the consumption function is given by C= 100+ .8Y, while investment is given by I= 50 a) What is the equilibrium level of income in this case?b) What is the level of saving in equilibrium? c) If, for some reason, output is at the level of 800, what will the level of involuntary inventory accumulation be?d) If I rises to 100 (we discuss what determines I in later chapters), what will the effect be on the equilibrium income?e) What is the value of the multiplier, a, here?f) Draw a diagram indicating the equilibria in both (a) (d). 2.Suppose the consumption behaviour in problem 1 changes so that C= 100+ .9Y, while I remains at 50.c) Does this change in investment spending have more or less of an effect on Y than it did in problem 1? Why?d) Draw a diagram indicating the change in equilibrium income in this case.
- Set 1: Equilibrium output1.Government. Suppose the consumption function is given by C= 100+ .8Y, while investment is given by I= 50 a) What is the equilibrium level of income in this case?b) What is the level of saving in equilibrium? c) If, for some reason, output is at the level of 800, what will the level of involuntary inventory accumulation be?d) If I rises to 100 (we discuss what determines I in later chapters), what will the effect be on the equilibrium income?e) What is the value of the multiplier, a, here?f) Draw a diagram indicating the equilibria in both (a) (d). 2.Suppose the consumption behaviour in problem 1 changes so that C= 100+ .9Y, while I remains at 50.a) Is the equilibrium level of income higher or lower than it was in problem 1(a)? Calculate the new equilibrium level, Y', to verify this.b) New suppose investment increases to I= 100, just as in problem 1(d). What is the new equilibrium income?c) Does this change in investment spending have more or less of an effect…The Conversation article "Will taxing short stays boost long-term rental supply? Other policies would achieve more ) mentions a natural experiment provided by Covid-19 that provides insights into the potential impact of short- term rental platforms. The focus is on state and national border closures associated with Covid-19. What is the article implying in terms of the impacts of these border closures on the short-term and long-term rental markets? For the short-term rental market, the best represents the impact of state and national border closures (associated with Covid-19). For the long-term rental market, the represents the impact of state and national border closures (associated with Covid-19).Consider an economy in which tax collections are always $400 and in which the four components of aggregate demand are as follows: GDP Taxes DI C I G (X - IM) $1,360 $400 $960 $720 $200 $500 $30 1,480 400 1,080 810 200 500 30 1,600 400 1,200 900 200 500 30 1,720 400 1,320 990 200 500 30 1,840 400 1,440 1,080 200 500 30 Find the equilibrium of this economy graphically. What is the marginal propensity to consume? What is the multiplier? What would happen to equilibrium GDP if government purchases were reduced by $60 and the price level remained unchanged?