owing in styles after controlled hand-pollinations in which the two species served as pollen donor (A is blue, B is red) or pollen recipient (A on the left, B on the right). The number of pollen tubes growing in styles of species A was significantly greater than the number growing in styles of species B. However, there was no significant difference in the number of pollen tubes observed in either species based on the identity of the pollen donor. Similarly, there was no significant difference between species in the effect of pollen donor identity on the number of pollen tubes observed (i.e., no significant pollen recipient x pollen donor interaction). Do these data support the hypothesis that the two species maintain their boundaries via a difference in pollen tube growth? Why or why not? 35 30 10 Species A (pollen door Species (pollen donor Species (pollen recipient) 8

owing in styles after controlled hand-pollinations in which the two species served as pollen donor (A is blue, B is red) or pollen recipient (A on the left, B on the right). The number of pollen tubes growing in styles of species A was significantly greater than the number growing in styles of species B. However, there was no significant difference in the number of pollen tubes observed in either species based on the identity of the pollen donor. Similarly, there was no significant difference between species in the effect of pollen donor identity on the number of pollen tubes observed (i.e., no significant pollen recipient x pollen donor interaction). Do these data support the hypothesis that the two species maintain their boundaries via a difference in pollen tube growth? Why or why not? 35 30 10 Species A (pollen door Species (pollen donor Species (pollen recipient) 8

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter22: Speciation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD: David Hills of Baylor University noted that three closely related species of leopard frog (genus...

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Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum) and one-seeded juniper (J. monosperma) have overlapping ranges. If pollen grains from one species are unable to fertilize the female ovules of the other species, then which of these terms are applicable? 1.sympatric species 2.prezygotic isolation 3.postzygotic isolation 4.allopatric species 5.habitat isolation 6.reduced hybrid fertility Question 11 options: 2 and 4 2, 4, and 5 1, 2, 5, and 6 1 and 2 1, 3, and 6
Would you predict that the Pingelapesepopulation is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? How would you measure this?
Which of the following would be a good example of premating reproductive isolation? A. Cross-fertilizations between the gray treefrogs, Hyla versicolor and H. chrysoscelis result in a high degree of mortality prior to hatching of hybrid eggs. B. The mule, a hybrid between horses and donkeys is viable, but sterile. C. Males of H. versicolor produce an advertisement call with a much slower pulse rate than males of H. chrysoscelis and females use pulse rate differences to avoid mating with the wrong species. D. Hybrid offspring are produced from matings between leopard frogs and green frogs, but usually die before the tadpoles metamorphose into froglets.
When considering similarity between species in heritable characteristics, the lack of homology is homoplasy. True OR False
a) How many of the gene trees do you expect to look like the species tree? b) You observe three gene trees in which species X and Z are the closest relatives and seven gene trees where X and Y are the closest relatives. What can you conclude from these data? Group of answer choices Historical hybridization between species W and X Historical hybridization between species X and Y Historical hybridization between species X and Z Historical hybridization between species Y and Z
If the phylogenetic species concept (PSC) were used to define species, rather than the biological species concept (BSC), how might that change the estimates of species diversity (numbers of species) on a worldwide basis? True or False: Estimates of species diversity are likely to change if the PSC is used. In particular, one would expect the number of species to increase. This is because individuals from divergent allopatric populations that can potentially interbreed would belong to the same species under the BSC. These same organisms would be classified as members of different species under the PSC.
What specific RIM is being described by each of the following statements? Write your answer on the space provided before each item. Explain your answer in each letter 5 RIM Habitat Isolation ,Temporal Isolation , Behavioral Isolation , Mechanical Isolation , Genetic Isolation _________C)Red-legged frogs (Rana draytonii) breed from around November to late April,while yellow-legged frogs (Rana boylii) breed from around late April to June. __________D)The structure of bucket orchid (genus Coryanthes) flowers allows pollination only by a certain species of orchid bees (tribe Euglossini). E) Offspring of hybrid cotton (genus Gossypium) plants either die
In either a secondary or a primary hybrid zone, what do the graphs above indicate about the relative fitnesses of the hybrid toads away from the 0 kilometer site on the cline? Why?
Two hundred years ago, the fly species Rhagoletis pomonella only laid its eggs on fruit of the hawthorn tree. Today, different "host races" of R. pomonella lay their eggs on hawthorns OR apples. Apples occur within the range of hawthorns, so divergence between apple flies and hawthorn flies could be the first step in sympatric speciation. Choose the evidence that would suggest that R. pomonella is currently undergoing sympatric speciation. Check ALL answers that apply. A. Apple flies and hawthorn flies are able to form fertile hybrids. B. Apple flies and hawthorn flies are physically indistinguishable from each other. C. Apple flies typically mate with apple flies, and hawthorn flies typically mate with hawthorn flies. D. Apple flies and hawthorn flies emerge from their hosts at different times of the year.
In Figure 2 a diagram shows how traits are shared (or not shared) in different generations. Based on the diagram: a. A, represents a plesiomorph trait. In how many generations is A shared (symplesiomorph)? b. C represents an apomorphictrait. What generations share C (synapomorphy)? c. E is considered an autapomorphic trait. Why do you think? d. What about B and D? How do we classify them?
Which of the following is not an event that can contribute to allopatric speciation? a. A mountain range forms and splits two populations into populations that begin to turn into new species. b. A subset of individuals disperse to a far away island and begin to turn into a new species. c. Two populations breed in the same location but at different times, and therefore begin to turn into two new species. d. A river splits a population into two populations and the two populations begin to diverge on either side of the river. e. All of these are potential contributors to allopatric speciation.
Consider the graphic that is presented and depicts the end-point for the following scenario. At some point in the past, species A resided as a large population entirely within a rectangular geographical area. The population became divided into two isolated populations when, during a major earthquake, a mountain range arose and disrupted gene flow. Over time, the two new populations evolved independently from one another, yielding species B and C. The population comprising species C became divided into two isolated populations when another earthquake created an escarpment that disrupted gene flow. Over time, these two new populations evolved independently from one another, yielding species D and E.Imagine that you were to arrive to the region long after species D and E had evolved, completely oblivious to the scenario that is described above; survey the region for living species in this group; and conduct a cladistic analysis on those species. Assuming that the data that you were to…