Part a: The number of transistors per IC in 1972 seems to be about 4,000 (a rough estimate by eye). Using this estimate and Moore's Law, what would you predict the number of transistors per IC to be 20 years later, in 1992?Part b: From the chart, estimate (roughly) the number of transistors per IC in 2018. Using your estimate and Moore's Law, what would you predict the number of transistors per IC to be in 2040?Part c: Do you think that your prediction in Part b is believable? Why or why not? Apple A12X Bionie18-core Xeon Hawell-eMoore's Law - The number of transistors on integrated circuit chips (1971-2018)Moore's law describes the empirical regularity that the number of transistors on integrated circuits doubles approximately every two years.This advancement is important as other aspects of technological progress - such as processing speed or the price of electronic products - arelinked to Moore's law.Our Worldin Data50,000,000,00072-core Xeon Phi Centriq 2400 0GC2 IPUSPARC M710,000,000,000IBM 213 Storage Controllercore AMD EpyeApple A12XBonicTegra Xavier Soc888 Ouloomm Snapdragon Bcw/SCXB1805,000,000,000Xbox One main61-corm Xaon Ph 8 8.HSlicon Kirin 980 + Apple A12 BionicB-core Xeon Nehalem-EXPOWERSix-core Xeon 7400Dual-core Itanlum 20HISicon Krin 710e spre Corg i7 BroadwelDe omm Sneadragon B35OOaoreCM Coe 7 Broadwelluad-core a GPU Core i Ha skylake k1,000,000,000Pentium D Presler POWERS500,000,000cache"Apple A7 (dual-core"mobile SoCnRAMO KI0 oypd cop 2M L3VCore 2 Duo Woltdalecore 2Duo Corvoe9elCore 2 Duo Wolldale 3MPentium 4 Prescott-2MO Core 2 Duo AllendaleItanium 2 Madison GMOPentkum D SmithfieldItanium 2 McKinleyo100,000,000Pentium 4 Cedar MilAMD KBO OPentium 4 Northwoode OBartonPentium 4 Wiliamette ntium TualatinPentium 4 Prescott50,000,000OtomPentium Mobile DixoneAMD K7 6 OPentium i Copoemine ARM Cortex-Ag10.000.000AMD K6OPentium Katmai5,000,000SA-101,000,000intel 8048000500,000TI Explore's 32-bil.ARMP00Intel 8030Motorola 68020 o. ARM 3100,00050,000Ointel B016Intel 8080O Ointel 8088ARM10,000TMS 1000Ziog Z806809RCA 1802 ntel BcesBintel 8060MOS Technology5,000Intel B00Intel 40041,000197819801970Data source: Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_count)The data visualization is available at OurWorldinData.org. There you find more visualizations and research on this topic.Licensed under CC-BY-SA by the author Max Roser.The following is the same plot but with the common logarithm of the y-axis shown. Youcan see that log(y) goes up uniformly.log(y)Moore's Law - The number of transistors on integrated circuit chips (1971-2018)Our Worldin DataMoore's law describes the empirical regularity that the number of transistors on integrated circuits doubles approximately every two years.This advancement is important as other aspects of technological progress – such as processing speed or the price of electronic products – arelinked to Moore's law.1150,000,000,00o72-core Xeon Phi Centriq 2400 GC2 IPUSPARC M71010,000,000,000-core AMD EIBM z13 Storage Controller,18-core Xeon Haswel-ESXbox One main Soc61-core Xeon Phi O 812-core POWERTegra Xavlor SoCOuhicomm Snapdragon 8c/SCX8180HISilicon Kirin 980 + Apple A12 Bionic10ve CSicon Kirin 7108R.cpre Corg BroadweO Dual core GU nE Core Broadwel-U6 VQuad-core + GPU GT2 Core 17 Skyiake K5,000,000,0008-core Xeon Nehalem-EXSox-core Xeon 7400Dual-core Itanium 209.1,000,000,000Pentium D Presler POWERE• Ouad-core + GPU Core i7 Haswel500,000,000.re QuadApple A7 (dual-core ARMS4 "mobile SoC)Itanium 2 Madison BMOPentium D Smithfield-3MD KI0 ayad core 2M L3Itanium 2 MckinlayoedC Core 2 Duo Wolfdale 3MPentium 4 Prescott-2MO OCore 2 Duo AllendalePentium 4 Cedar Mil8100,000,000AMD K8O OPentium 4 Northwoode OBartonPentium 4 Wilamette entium TualatinPentium 4 Prescott50,000,000Pentium II Mobile DixoneAMD K7 OPentium ilI CoppermineAMD KB-OARM Cortex-A9710,000,0005,000,000OPentium Katmai. Oenum Il DeschutesPentium ProoPentiumeAMO KS1,000,000Intel 80486R000500,000TI Explorer's 32-bi.ARM00Intel B03Motorola 68020.. PARM 3100,000Intel B028650,000OIntel 80180Intel 8080 o Intel 8088OARM 2RM 1ARM 6410,000caie5,000 vtel 800Bntel BosoAglgla Technology31,00019701986Data source: Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_count)The data visualization is available at OurWorldinData.org. There you find more visualizations and research on this topic.Licensed under CC-BY-SA by the author Max Roser.Transistor count1972197419761982198419861988199000199219941996199820002002200420062008Transistor count2010201220142016201819721974197619781980198219841988199019921994199619982000200220042006200820102012201420162018 From the chart, estimate (roughly) the number of transistors per IC in 2018. Using yourestimate and Moore's Law, what would you predict the number of transistors per IC tobe in 2040?In some applications, the variable being studied increases so quickly ("exponentially")that a regular graph isn't informative. There, a regular graph would show data close to 0and then a sudden spike at the very end. Instead, for these applications, we often uselogarithmic scales. We replace the y-axis tick marks of 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. with y-axis tickmarks of 101 = 10, 102 = 100, 103 = 1000, 104 = 10000, etc. In other words, the logarithmsof the new tick marks are equally spaced.%3DTechnology is one area where progress is extraordinarily rapid. Moore's Law states thatthe progress of technology (measured in different ways) doubles every 2 years. Acommon example counts the number of transitors per integrated circuit. A regular y-axisscale is appropriate when a trend is linear, i.e. 100 transistors, 200 transistors, 300transistors, 400 transistors, etc. However, technology actually increased at a muchquicker pace such as 100 transistors,.1,000 transistors, 10,000 transistors, 100,000transistors, etc.The following is a plot of the number of transistors per integrated circuit over the period1971 - 2008 taken from https://ourworldindata.org/technological-progress (that sitecontains a lot of data, not just for technology). At first, this graph seems to show a steadyprogression until you look carefully at the y-axis . it's not linear. From the graph, it...seems that from 1971 to 1981 the number of transistors went from about 1,000 to40,000. Moore's Law predicts that in 10 years, it would double 5 times, i.e. go from 1,000to 32,000, and the actual values (using very rough estimates) seem to support this.

Question

Part a: The number of transistors per IC in 1972 seems to be about 4,000 (a rough estimate by eye). Using this estimate and Moore's Law, what would you predict the number of transistors per IC to be 20 years later, in 1992?Part b: From the chart, estimate (roughly) the number of transistors per IC in 2018. Using your estimate and Moore's Law, what would you predict the number of transistors per IC to be in 2040?Part c: Do you think that your prediction in Part b is believable? Why or why not? Apple A12X Bionie18-core Xeon Hawell-eMoore's Law - The number of transistors on integrated circuit chips (1971-2018)Moore's law describes the empirical regularity that the number of transistors on integrated circuits doubles approximately every two years.This advancement is important as other aspects of technological progress - such as processing speed or the price of electronic products - arelinked to Moore's law.Our Worldin Data50,000,000,00072-core Xeon Phi Centriq 2400 0GC2 IPUSPARC M710,000,000,000IBM 213 Storage Controllercore AMD EpyeApple A12XBonicTegra Xavier Soc888 Ouloomm Snapdragon Bcw/SCXB1805,000,000,000Xbox One main61-corm Xaon Ph 8 8.HSlicon Kirin 980 + Apple A12 BionicB-core Xeon Nehalem-EXPOWERSix-core Xeon 7400Dual-core Itanlum 20HISicon Krin 710e spre Corg i7 BroadwelDe omm Sneadragon B35OOaoreCM Coe 7 Broadwelluad-core a GPU Core i Ha skylake k1,000,000,000Pentium D Presler POWERS500,000,000cache&#34;Apple A7 (dual-core&#34;mobile SoCnRAMO KI0 oypd cop 2M L3VCore 2 Duo Woltdalecore 2Duo Corvoe9elCore 2 Duo Wolldale 3MPentium 4 Prescott-2MO Core 2 Duo AllendaleItanium 2 Madison GMOPentkum D SmithfieldItanium 2 McKinleyo100,000,000Pentium 4 Cedar MilAMD KBO OPentium 4 Northwoode OBartonPentium 4 Wiliamette ntium TualatinPentium 4 Prescott50,000,000OtomPentium Mobile DixoneAMD K7 6 OPentium i Copoemine ARM Cortex-Ag10.000.000AMD K6OPentium Katmai5,000,000SA-101,000,000intel 8048000500,000TI Explore's 32-bil.ARMP00Intel 8030Motorola 68020 o. ARM 3100,00050,000Ointel B016Intel 8080O Ointel 8088ARM10,000TMS 1000Ziog Z806809RCA 1802 ntel BcesBintel 8060MOS Technology5,000Intel B00Intel 40041,000197819801970Data source: Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_count)The data visualization is available at OurWorldinData.org. There you find more visualizations and research on this topic.Licensed under CC-BY-SA by the author Max Roser.The following is the same plot but with the common logarithm of the y-axis shown. Youcan see that log(y) goes up uniformly.log(y)Moore's Law - The number of transistors on integrated circuit chips (1971-2018)Our Worldin DataMoore's law describes the empirical regularity that the number of transistors on integrated circuits doubles approximately every two years.This advancement is important as other aspects of technological progress – such as processing speed or the price of electronic products – arelinked to Moore's law.1150,000,000,00o72-core Xeon Phi Centriq 2400 GC2 IPUSPARC M71010,000,000,000-core AMD EIBM z13 Storage Controller,18-core Xeon Haswel-ESXbox One main Soc61-core Xeon Phi O 812-core POWERTegra Xavlor SoCOuhicomm Snapdragon 8c/SCX8180HISilicon Kirin 980 + Apple A12 Bionic10ve CSicon Kirin 7108R.cpre Corg BroadweO Dual core GU nE Core Broadwel-U6 VQuad-core + GPU GT2 Core 17 Skyiake K5,000,000,0008-core Xeon Nehalem-EXSox-core Xeon 7400Dual-core Itanium 209.1,000,000,000Pentium D Presler POWERE• Ouad-core + GPU Core i7 Haswel500,000,000.re QuadApple A7 (dual-core ARMS4 &#34;mobile SoC)Itanium 2 Madison BMOPentium D Smithfield-3MD KI0 ayad core 2M L3Itanium 2 MckinlayoedC Core 2 Duo Wolfdale 3MPentium 4 Prescott-2MO OCore 2 Duo AllendalePentium 4 Cedar Mil8100,000,000AMD K8O OPentium 4 Northwoode OBartonPentium 4 Wilamette entium TualatinPentium 4 Prescott50,000,000Pentium II Mobile DixoneAMD K7 OPentium ilI CoppermineAMD KB-OARM Cortex-A9710,000,0005,000,000OPentium Katmai. Oenum Il DeschutesPentium ProoPentiumeAMO KS1,000,000Intel 80486R000500,000TI Explorer's 32-bi.ARM00Intel B03Motorola 68020.. PARM 3100,000Intel B028650,000OIntel 80180Intel 8080 o Intel 8088OARM 2RM 1ARM 6410,000caie5,000 vtel 800Bntel BosoAglgla Technology31,00019701986Data source: Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_count)The data visualization is available at OurWorldinData.org. There you find more visualizations and research on this topic.Licensed under CC-BY-SA by the author Max Roser.Transistor count1972197419761982198419861988199000199219941996199820002002200420062008Transistor count2010201220142016201819721974197619781980198219841988199019921994199619982000200220042006200820102012201420162018 From the chart, estimate (roughly) the number of transistors per IC in 2018. Using yourestimate and Moore's Law, what would you predict the number of transistors per IC tobe in 2040?In some applications, the variable being studied increases so quickly (&#34;exponentially&#34;)that a regular graph isn't informative. There, a regular graph would show data close to 0and then a sudden spike at the very end. Instead, for these applications, we often uselogarithmic scales. We replace the y-axis tick marks of 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. with y-axis tickmarks of 101 = 10, 102 = 100, 103 = 1000, 104 = 10000, etc. In other words, the logarithmsof the new tick marks are equally spaced.%3DTechnology is one area where progress is extraordinarily rapid. Moore's Law states thatthe progress of technology (measured in different ways) doubles every 2 years. Acommon example counts the number of transitors per integrated circuit. A regular y-axisscale is appropriate when a trend is linear, i.e. 100 transistors, 200 transistors, 300transistors, 400 transistors, etc. However, technology actually increased at a muchquicker pace such as 100 transistors,.1,000 transistors, 10,000 transistors, 100,000transistors, etc.The following is a plot of the number of transistors per integrated circuit over the period1971 - 2008 taken from https://ourworldindata.org/technological-progress (that sitecontains a lot of data, not just for technology). At first, this graph seems to show a steadyprogression until you look carefully at the y-axis . it's not linear. From the graph, it...seems that from 1971 to 1981 the number of transistors went from about 1,000 to40,000. Moore's Law predicts that in 10 years, it would double 5 times, i.e. go from 1,000to 32,000, and the actual values (using very rough estimates) seem to support this.

Accepted Answer

Given that number of transistors/IC in 1972 seems to be about 4,000.  So we need to use Moore's law…