Perform a chi-square test of independence on the data provided to determine if the genes for flower color and pollen shape in sweet peas are assorting independently. Give the chi-square value, degrees of freedom, and associated probability. What conclusion would you draw about the independent assortment of these genes? Hint: the expected phenotype ratios are 9:3:3:1 instead of 1:1:1:1 due to the type of cross that was performed.

Q: Suppose that goats have one gene that codes for color, where A is brown and a is white. The goats…

A: A dihybrid cross is a mendelian cross of two characteristics or two different genes representing two…

Q: Considering the Mendelian traits round versus wrinkledand yellow versus green, consider the crosses…

A: Introduction  A gene is consisting of a pair alleles/ factors and these alleles can be dominant or…

Q: Given the following information, determine the inheritance of flower color in this plant and…

A: The first set of parents is called the “parental generation” (P). All the offspring generated by…

Q: A cross like this (between two individuals heterozygous for two traits) is often referred to as a…

A: A two-point cross includes two parents heterozygous for two different loci.

Q: Complete the table below to determine the Non-Mendelian patterns of inheritance involved in the…

A: Gregor Johann Mendel conducted experiments on pea plants and observed a pattern in the inheritance…

Q: Suppose that red flower color (RR or Rr) is dominant to white flower color (rr) in a petunia. A…

A: Taking into consideration just one character and crossing the two plants is called a monohybrid…

Q: In pea plants, seed shape and seed color are controlled by genes located on different chromosomes.…

A: Sol: Given Alleles for the seed shapes of pea plant are         R- round shape or dominant  and r-…

Q: In a test cross, peas of an unknown genotype are crossed with peas of a known genotype. In this…

A: Test cross is a cross between organisms of an unknown genotype and a recessive parent. It is a…

Q: Give two assumptions for the Mendelian Inheritance for Segregation and Independent Assortment…

A: A central assumption of Mendel laws of inheritance is that genes originating from maternal and…

Q: In peas, long stem "A" is dominant over short stem, "a". Give the expected genotypes, phenotypes and…

A: The homozygous dominant individuals exhibit two identical alleles (AA). The heterozygous individuals…

Q: Use a branch diagram to determine all the phenotypes and corresponding ratios that are expected to…

A: Branch diagram is a method for analysing recombination of different traits. The branch diagram…

Q: A hypothetical flowering plant species produces blue, light blue, andwhite flowers. To determine the…

A: Introduction  Any gene have two alleles pairs viz. Dominant or Recessive. The allele which gets…

Q: If you allow the original unknown plant to self-fertilize, what is the probability of recovering…

A: round (RR) wrinked (rr)Yellow (YY) green (yy)

Q: In the Roselle plant, the dominant allele of gene 'A' codes for a pink flower and the recessive form…

A: Given: The dominant allele of gene - 'A' codes for: Pink flowers The recessive allele of gene - a…

Q: Consider a two-factor cross between a pure breeding plants: one with purple flowers and yellow seed…

A: It is given that true breeding plants are crossed, purple flower yellow pods and white flower green…

Q: B. Considering the Mendelian traits round versus wrinkled and yellow versus green, consider the…

A: single-factor cross or monohybrid cross is a cross between two organisms of a species to study the…

Q: A TT (tall) plant is crossed with a tt (short plant). Create the cross and answer the following…

A: The branch of biology that deals with the study of genes, heredity and genetic variations are termed…

Q: Draw a table that shows all possible combinations of offspring resulting from a dihybrid cross of…

A: Dihybrid Cross : It describes the mating experiment between two organisms that are identical hybrid…

Q: A pea plant is heterozygous for both pod shape and color. I is the allele for dominant, inflated…

A: Sir Gregor Mendel was a priest and a teacher who did the famous hybridization experiment on garden…

Q: A Pea plant with axial flower position, tall stem length, and green seed pod color is cross with…

A: Mendel studied the biology of pea plants, and he derived the inheritance of a range of…

Q: In peas, round seed shape (R) is dominant to wrinkled seed shape () and yellow seed color (Y) is…

A: Alleles are the alternative forms of a gene that are located on the same locus of homologous…

Q: Would it be possible to deduce the law of independent assortment from monohybrid crosses? Why or why…

A: During the dihybrid cross, when each pair of characters is independent of each other, it is referred…

Q: Assume that white color (W) is dominant over yellow color (w) in corn.  Perform a Punnett square for…

A: Test cross in genetics is the process by which we theoretically observe the possible crossing of two…

Q: Suppose a species of tulip has three alleles for the gene that codes for flower color. The CR allele…

A: A trait is a characteristic features that is unique to particular individual . In tulip , there are…

Q: If a plant is tall, has round seeds and purple flowers, with the genotype of TTRREE is crossed with…

A: A trihybrid cross is a cross which involved three traits at a time. As per the question :-  A) Trait…

Q: Considering the Mendelian traits tall (D) versus dwarf (d) and violet (W) versus white (w), consider…

A: A gene is present in different forms that are expressed in a phenotype; allele is a one of the…

Q: A gardener finds that some bean plants have pubescent leaves and others have glabrous leaves.…

A: Alleles are the alternative forms of a gene that are located on the same locus of a homologous…

Q: In a type of bean plant, the trait for yellow pods (B) for yellow pods is crossed with a plant that…

A: given  dominant- trait for yellow pod (B) recessive- trait for green pod (b) heterozygous yellow pod…

Q: consider a polygenic trait involving two gene paris, each with two possible additive alleles. in a…

A: Polygenic Trait -  These traits are administered by many genes. They have continous variations and…

Q: Many of the color varieties of summer squash are determined by two different interacting genes A and…

A: Epigenetics is non allelic interaction between alleles present at different gene locus.

Q: In a particular plant, green seed color is dominant to yellow seed color. If all of the offspring of…

A: Since the green seeds are dominant to yellow, the allele for green seeds can be represented with…

Q: A plant species shows three phenotypes for height: tall, medium and short. What do the offspring…

A: Introduction: Mendel selected the pea plants with one contrasting character to perform the…

Q: .Round and blue-colored berries are dominant to wrinkled and purple ones. What is the expected…

A: Given  Round allele (R) is dominant over wrinkle allele (r).  Blue colour (B) is dominant over pink…

Q: A particular walnut rooster was crossed to a pea hen, and the progeny consisted of 12 walnut, 11…

A: The genetics of the comb-type of chicken is controlled by two different genes. These genes are…

Q: Suppose a student performs a three-point test cross with mice involving mouse genes T, V and D. If…

A: Three point test cross:- it is usually used to study the sequence and position three genes present…

Q: What is the F1 phenotyphic ratio of a cross between a black and white cats? Numerical anwers only.…

A: Given, the Genotype of the black cat will be= BB, The genotype of white cat= bb and  The Genotype of…

Q: Consider the following cross: AaBbCcDdEe X AaBbCcDdEe. How many different phenotypes would you…

A: Introduction  A gene is consisting of a pair alleles/ factors and these alleles can be dominant or…

Q: In a cross between a 29cm plant and a 20cm plant what would be the genotypes giving the smallest…

A: Height in plants is a polygenic trait, in which one phenotype is influenced by more than one gene.…

Q: assuming independent assortment, what phenotypic ratio would you expect to see if an individual with…

A: According to the law of independent assortment, the alleles of two different genes are sorted into…

Q: For each of the following, show the Punnett Square and give the Genotype AND Phenotype for each on…

A: As per our honor code, we are authorized to answer maximum three subparts of a question at a moment.…

Q: In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant over green seeds. What would be the expected PHENOTYPIC…

A: When one parent contributes a dominant allele and the other parent contributes the corresponding…

Q: Gregor Mendel discovered the basis of heredity with his sweet pea plant experiments. In his studies,…

A: Given: Yellow pod color dominant to green pod color Round pea shape dominant to wrinkled pea shape…

Q: How is the chi-square goodness-of-fit test used to analyze genetic crosses? What does the…

A: Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with the study of genes, their inheritance patterns,…

Q: If you are working to solve for the relative distances between a cat's genes for fur color, where…

A: Inheritance is the process of transmitting the traits from parent to offspring. Traits of an…

Q: Imagine you are crossing two plants that have these two genotypes—Tt and tt. What are the two…

A: Sir Gregor Mendel was a priest and a teacher who did the famous hybridization experiment on garden…

Q: Incomplete dominance is When there are two different genes that are considered What has happened…

A: We know that every gene has 2 alleles, one dominant and one recessive. The dominant allele has the…

Q: A cross is performed between individuals with the following genotypes: Aabb and aaBb. Use a Punnett…

A: Punnett square is a method of genetic analysis. It helps in genetic analyses by performing cross…

Q: Consider a cross between a true breeding purple flowered pea plant (genotype PP) and a true breeding…

A: A true breeding purple flowered pea plant, PP,  was crossed with a true breeding white flowered pea…

Q: Assuming independent assortment, what proportion of the offspring of the cross AabbCCdd × AaBbccDd…

A: Both tetra hybrid cross-sections are heterozygous for each feature, of which four, hybrid features…

Inheritance and Mendelian Genetics

Inheritance means the passing of traits to offspring from parents. These traits could be passed either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. The offspring receives the genetic material from the parents. Mendelian inheritance is a certain biological inheritance that follows the rules and principles laid down by Gregor Mendel in 1865. The initial hypothesis was considered wrong, but other inheritance theories modified the concept of inheritance and thus genetics.