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- Soil in _______ is richest in carbon. a. the arctic b. the tropics c. temperate zonesTree Rings and Droughts El Malpais National Monument, in west central New Mexico, has pockets of vegetation that have been surrounded by lava fields for about 3,000 years, so they have escaped wildfires, grazing animals, agricultural activity, and logging. Henri Grissino-Mayer generated a 2,129-year annual precipitation record using tree ring data from living and dead trees in this park (FIGURE 27.23). FIGURE 27.23 A 2.129-year annual precipitation record inferred from com pled tree ring data in El Malpais National Monument Now Mexico. Data ware averaged over 10-yeer intervals; graph correlates with other indicators of rainfall collected in all parts of North America. PDSI, Palmer Drought Severity Index: O, normal rainfall increasing numbers mean increasing excess of rainfall decreasing numbers mean increasing severity of drought A severe drought contributed to a series of catastrophic dust stem's that turned the rid western United States into a oust bow between 1933 and 1939. 2. One of the worst population catastrophes ever recorded occurred in Mesoamerica between 1519 and 1600 a. d., when around 22 million people native to the region died. Which period between 137 B.C. and 1992 had the most severe drought? How long did that drought last?Tree Rings and Droughts El Malpais National Monument, in west central New Mexico, has pockets of vegetation that have been surrounded by lava fields for about 3,000 years, so they have escaped wildfires, grazing animals, agricultural activity, and logging. Henri Grissino-Mayer generated a 2,129-year annual precipitation record using tree ring data from living and dead trees in this park (FIGURE 27.23). FIGURE 27.23 A 2.129-year annual precipitation record inferred from com pled tree ring data in El Malpais National Monument Now Mexico. Data ware averaged over 10-yeer intervals; graph correlates with other indicators of rainfall collected in all parts of North America. PDSI, Palmer Drought Severity Index: O, normal rainfall increasing numbers mean increasing excess of rainfall decreasing numbers mean increasing severity of drought A severe drought contributed to a series of catastrophic dust stem's that turned the rid western United States into a oust bow between 1933 and 1939. 1. Around 770 A. D., the Mayan civilization began to suffer a massive population loss, particularly in the southern lowlands of Mesoamerica. The El Malpais tree ring data show a drought during that time. Was it more or less severe than the dust bowl drought?
- Growth of a forest in an abandoned corn field is an example of _______. a. primary succession b. resource partitioning c. secondary succession d. competitive exclusionThe deepest, richest soil in the world occurs in (a) temperate rain forest (b) tropical rain forest (c) savanna (d) temperate grassland (e) chaparralWhy is the tundra treeless? a. lack of sufficient water b. permanently frozen ground c. winters too harsh d. too many fires
- Which of the following biomes is characterized by short growing seasons? deserts tropical wet forests Arctic tundras savannasPrimary productivity on land is affected by _______. a. nutrient availability c. temperature b. amount of sunlight d. all of the aboveFigure 44.12 Which of the following statements about biomes is false? Chaparral is dominated by shrubs. Savannas and temperate grasslands are dominated by grasses. Boreal forests are dominated by deciduous trees. Lichens are common in the arctic tundra.
- Which of the following biomes is characterized by abundant water resources? deserts boreal forests savannas tropical wet forestsWhich biogeochemical cycle does not have a gaseous component but cycles from the land to sediments in the ocean and back to the land? (a) carbon cycle (b) nitrogen cycle (c) phosphorus cycle (d) hydrologic cycle (e) neither a nor c has a gaseous componentDeforestation ______. a. increases mineral runoff from soil b. decreases local temperature c. increases local rainfall d. all of the above
