Problem 2: JIN Corporation started a promotional program. A towel is offered as a premium to customers who send in 10 box tops of facial soap returned and a remittance of P25. Distribution cost is P10 per towel. The entity estimated that only 60% of the box tops reaching the market will be redeemed. The entity provided the following information: 2020 2021 Facial soap sales, P50 per unit Towel purchases, P90 per unit Number of box tops returned 2,500,000 337,500 22,500 2,875,000 360,000 38,550 Requirements: 4. Compute for the premiums (as an asset) amount for the year ended: A. December 31, 2020 B. December 31, 2021
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
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