BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease is caused by a change in the gene for hemoglobin, which isthe oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells. Individuals who are homozygous for the sicklecell trait often cannot endure exercise. Individuals who are heterozygous for the trait can havesickle cell attacks under extreme conditions. Normal individuals (genotype: Hbnorm Hbnorm ) haveonly normal hemoglobin. Homozygous sickle cell individuals (genotype: Hbsc Hbsc ) 'have onlysickle cell hemoglobin. Heterozygous individuals (genotype: Hbnorm Hbsc ) have both normal andsickle cell hemoglobin.terry Smith collapsed while running a race for his track team. A doctor said he had a sickle cellattack. Genetic tests were run on several family members. The test results are shown below. AnX indicates that form of hemoglobin in red blood cells.PROBLEM: How can you determine the genotypes of people in a family?SubjectNormal HemoglobinSickle Cell HemoglobinJerryJerry's brotherJerry's younger sisterJerry's youngest sisterJerry's fatherJerry's grandfatherJerry's grandmotherPROCEDURE1. Use the background information and the genetic test results to answer questions 1-4.2. Use the background information and a Punnett square to help you answer question 5.ANALYZE AND CONCLUDE1. Are any of Jerry's siblings homozygous for the sickle cell trait? Are any of Jerry's siblingsheterozygous for the sickle cell trait?2. What genotype if Jerry's father?3. What genotypes are Jerry's grandparents?4. What is the genotype of Jerry's mother? Explain.5. If Jerry marries a female who is heterozygous for the sickle cell trait, what would be thepossible genotypes and phenotypes of their childres, according to your Punnett square?

Hbn Hbn =homozygous normalHbs Hbs = homozygous recessive with diseaseHbn Hbs= heterozygous normal

PROCEDURE 1. Use the background information and the genetic test results to answer questions 1-4. 2. Use the background information and a Punnett square to help you answer question 5. ANALYZE AND CONCLUDE 1. Are any of Jerry's siblings homozygous for the sickle cell trait? Are any of Jerry's siblings heterozygous for the sickle cell trait? 2. What genotype if Jerry's father? 3. What genotypes are Jerry's grandparents? 4. What is the genotype of Jerry's mother? Explain. 5. If Jerry marries a female who is heterozygous for the sickle cell trait, what would be the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their childres, according to your Punnett square?

PROCEDURE 1. Use the background information and the genetic test results to answer questions 1-4. 2. Use the background information and a Punnett square to help you answer question 5. ANALYZE AND CONCLUDE 1. Are any of Jerry's siblings homozygous for the sickle cell trait? Are any of Jerry's siblings heterozygous for the sickle cell trait? 2. What genotype if Jerry's father? 3. What genotypes are Jerry's grandparents? 4. What is the genotype of Jerry's mother? Explain. 5. If Jerry marries a female who is heterozygous for the sickle cell trait, what would be the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their childres, according to your Punnett square?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Explain the differences between an individual homozygous for the sickle hemoglobin allele (HbS/HbS) and one who is heterozygous (HbA/HbS). Consider the hemoglobin molecule, cells, and disease.
Astigmatism and polydactyly are dominant over normal vision and finger traits. Sickle-cell anemia onthe other hand, is an overdominant lethal trait due to its recessive genes (ss). Individuals with this traitdie prematurely. Heterozygotes (Ss), however, have some RBCs that sickle while others remainnormal, thus, not lethal. They are referred to as sickle-trait carriers. A polydactylous, normal-visioned, brown-eyed man with wavy hair has a nonpolydactylous, blue-eyed mother. He proposed marriage to a nonpolydactylous, astigmatic, blue-eyed, and curly-hairedlady whose mother has normal vision. However, the lady is worried about the proposal since sickle-cell anemia has been known to run in both their families. a. Is there a genetic basis for her worry? Explain. b. If it turned out that the lady is a carrier and the man has normal RBC, what would be their COMPLETE genotypes? Male genotype:_________________________________Female genotype: ______________________________ c. Based on their…
Astigmatism and polydactyly are dominant over normal vision and finger traits. Sickle-cell anemia onthe other hand, is an overdominant lethal trait due to its recessive genes (ss). Individuals with this traitdie prematurely. Heterozygotes (Ss), however, have some RBCs that sickle while others remainnormal, thus, not lethal. They are referred to as sickle-trait carriers. A polydactylous, normal-visioned, brown-eyed man with wavy hair has a nonpolydactylous, blue-eyed mother. He proposed marriage to a nonpolydactylous, astigmatic, blue-eyed, and curly-hairedlady whose mother has normal vision. However, the lady is worried about the proposal since sickle-cell anemia has been known to run in both their families. a. Is there a genetic basis for her worry? Explain. b. If it turned out that the lady is a carrier and the man has normal RBC, what would be their COMPLETE genotypes? Male genotype:_________________________________Female genotype: ______________________________ c. Based on their…
Describe the phenotype of individuals who inherit two copies of the HbS allele-Sickle Cell Disease. ( find a source to support the information)
The following is a summary of the possible sickle-cell genotypes and phenotypes: AA - cojmpletely normal AS - sickle-cell trait (this person has a combination of normal hemoglobin and the abnormal, sickled form of hemoglobin) SS - sickle-cell anemia (all abnormal hemoglobin) If both parents and heterozygous for sickle-cell disease, what are the possible genotypes and phenotypes for their children?
Sickle cell anemia is caused by an individual carrying two recessive copies of the hemoglobin gene (hemoglobin gene is labeled Hb, and the recessive version is Hbs). Thus, to have sickle cell anemia, a person must have the genotype HbSHbS. A person that is HbAHbA carries two copies of the normal hemoglobin gene and does not have sickle cell anemia. A person that is heterozygous (HbAHbS) produces enough normal hemoglobin to not have sickle cell anemia but is also resistant to malaria. People that are heterozygous are called “carriers” because they carry the recessive allele but do not express the recessive phenotype. a. A couple are both resistant to malaria but do not have sickle cell anemia. Draw a Punnett square to represent this cross. b. What is the probability that the couple has three children where one child does not have a recessive allele, one child is resistant to malaria and does not have sickle cell anemia, and one child has sickle cell anemia?
Sickle cell anemia follows a single-gene pattern of inheritance, with two alleles: one allele (S) produces normal hemoglobin, and the other (s) produces abnormal hemoglobin. Describe the phenotype outcome for each of the three possible genotypes (SS, Ss and ss), with regard to sickle cell anemia and malaria.
Sickle-cell disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. How many mutated hemoglobin alleles do people with sickle-cell disease have?
Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Because individuals affected bysickle cell anemia have defective hemoglobin proteins, their blood cannot transport oxygenproperly. There appears to be a relationship between the incidence of malaria and sickle cellanemia. Individuals with sickle cell anemia and carriers of the sickle cell allele have someresistance to malaria. Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium and is transmitted among humans by mosquitoes. If scientists are successful in reducing significantly or eliminating malaria, the best predictionfor what will happen to the allele for sickle cell anemia in the population is that it willa. not be affected by the elimination of malariab. increase as its selective advantage is increasedc. be reduced as its selective advantage is decreasedd. disappear quickly as its selective advantage is increased
Given the information regarding sickle cell anemia, if two carriers were to have children, what would be the genotypes and phenotypes of their children? Would any of the children show symptoms of the disease?
Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Because individuals affected bysickle cell anemia have defective hemoglobin proteins, their blood cannot transport oxygenproperly. There appears to be a relationship between the incidence of malaria and sickle cellanemia. Individuals with sickle cell anemia and carriers of the sickle cell allele have someresistance to malaria. Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium and is transmitted amonghumans by mosquitoes.4. If scientists are successful in reducing significantly or eliminating malaria, the best predictionfor what will happen to the allele for sickle cell anemia in the population is that it willa. not be affected by the elimination of malariab. increase as its selective advantage is increasedc. be reduced as its selective advantage is decreasedd. disappear quickly as its selective advantage is increased
The following is a summary of the possible sickle-cell genotypes and phenotypes: AA - cojmpletely normal AS - sickle-cell trait (this person has a combination of normal hemoglobin and the abnormal, sickled form of hemoglobin) SS - sickle-cell anemia (all abnormal hemoglobin) Fill in the punnett square and answer the question: If both parents and heterozygous for sickle-cell disease, what are the possible genotypes and phenotypes for their children?