pros and cons of Sarbanes Oxley (SOX)?
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pros and cons of Sarbanes Oxley (SOX)?
why did Enron's accounting go from a traditional historical cost accounting method to a Mark-to Market (MTM) accounting method?
protests and outrage from 1993 when FASB tried to close the stock options loopholes?
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- WorldCom capitalized some costs that should,under standard accounting practices, have beenexpensed. Enron and some other companies tooksimilar actions to inflate their reported income and tohide debts. (a) Explain how such improper and illegalactions would affect the firms’ financial statementsand stock prices. (b) What effect did the revelationsabout these actions have on the specific companies’stock prices and the prices of other stocks? (c) Couldsuch actions affect the entire economy?Which of the following contradicts weak form efficiency? Group of answer choices 1- Stock prices do not reflect information that is only available to insiders. 2- Good or bad recent stock return performance continues over the next three months. 3- The cumulative abnormal returns continue to increase until six months after a firm announces a good unexpected earnings. 4- Technical analysis could not provide abnormal returns. Fundamental analysis could not provide abnormal returns.Companies often are under pressure to meet or beat Wall Street earnings projections in order to increase stock prices and also to increase the value of stock options. Such pressure may cause some managers to alter their estimates for depreciation to artificially create desired results.Required: 1. Understand the reporting effect: Do estimates by management affect the amount of depreciation in its company’s financial statements? 2. Specify the options: To increase earnings in the initial years following the purchase of a depreciable asset, would management (a) choose straight-line or double-declining balance, (b) estimate a longer or shorter service life, and (c) estimate a higher or lower residual value? 3. Identify the impact: Are decisions of investors and creditors affected by accounting estimates? 4. Make a decision: Should a company alter depreciation estimates for the sole purpose of meeting expectations of Wall Street analysts?
- According to the critics of stock price maximisation, “A practical problem with stock price as a performance measure is that it depends on a whole array of factors outside the company’s control. One can never be certain whether an increase in stock price reflects improving company performance or other environmental factors” (Higgins, Koski & Mitton, 2022, p. 60) In not more than 200 words, discuss the above quotation using GameStop Debacle as a case study.A study analyzed the behavior of the stock prices of firms that had lost antitrust cases. Included in the diagram are all firms that lost the initial court decision, even if the decision was later overturned on appeal. The event at Time 0 is the initial, pre-appeal court decision. Assume no other information was released, aside from that disclosed in the initial trial. The stock prices all have a beta of 1. Is the diagram consistent with market efficiency? Why or why not?Some in the financial press were critical of seagram’s management for selling Du Pont stock for below current market price. Specifically, commentators said that Seagram;s management sold the Du pont stock at $4.50 per share less than market value, which damaged the wealth of seagram shareholders. Do you agree? Why or why not?
- Which of the following is not true with regard to the relationship between R&D expenses and the value of the company’s stock shares, as perceived by investors and analysts? Multiple Choice: A.There is no evidence that R&D expenses represent value-relevant information to investors. B. There is a causal relationship between R&D expenditures and future financial benefits. C. A $1 increase in R&D expenditures leads to a $5 increase in the market value of the company’s stock shares. D. Analysts adjust estimates of unrecorded R&D assets which are then used to adjust reported earnings and book values.If a company’s market price rises above the IPO price, does that suggest that the company left money on the table and thus received less for the shares than it should have received? If most companies do leave money on the table, does that indicate the IPO market is inefficient? explainWhich one of the following factors may affect stock return but out of the CEO's control?This chould potentially be a problem when trying up the compensation scheme to stock returns/ A.Supply chain risk management B.Federal monetary policy and regulations C.The rival firm recruits the company's employees D.Tte high inflation rate announced in the last quater
- A stock market analyst is able to identify mispriced stock by analyzing the financial statements of the company’s stock. what is the efficiency form of this market? Explain.Why is the cost of retained earnings cheaper than the cost of issuing new common stock? Group of answer choices Issuing new common stock may send a negative signal to the capital markets, which may depress the stock price. When a company issues new common stock they also have to pay flotation costs to the underwriter. Either NeitherWhich of the following would not be an appropriate reason for a firm to repurchase its stock: As an investment if management believes the market has undervalued the stock price. In order to have sufficient shares to cover employee stock programs. Solely to boost Earnings Per Share. Both A and B.