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- Water runs in a concrete pipeline with 1 m internal diameter and 8 cm thickness under 4 atmosphere pressure. If the permeability coefficient of concrete is 107 cm/s, calculate the daily loss of water in a 1 km pipeline. (1 atmosphere water pressure = 1000 cm /cm2)Calculate the velocity gradient in a rapid mixer (coagulation), where the power input to the propeller is 0.5 kW, the plant provides water for 16000 people with average consumption of 160 L/person/day, retention time in rapid mixer is 26 s and water temperature is 20 oC. The dynamic viscosity at 20oC is 1x10-3 Pa/s. Debate the G value and if out of the range what steps to take bring G in the correct rangeGiven cement compounds: C3A = 7.3% C4AF = 12.2% C3S = 48.4% C2S = 29.7% What should be made in terms of sourcing raw materials if the manufacture wants to produce a Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement? Compare and contrast between Ordinary Portland Cement and Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement.
- Ex./A (20S) construction mixer will be used to mix concrete for several culverts on a high way project. The specified mixing ratio (1:2:4), and water cement ratio 0.45. The sand will contain 7% moisture and the gravel will contain 2% moisture. Determine the weight each of cement, sand and gravel, and the volume of added water required for each batch. (density of cement = 1500 kg/m3)What difficulties arise in use of construction material which absorb water? How theyovercome a) In the laboratory.b) And on construction site.(b)What are the different flow pattern of solids are seen when solids flow out of a bin.
- What is turbidity, what causes it, how is it treated why it is undesirable in drinking water. Describe processes in water treatment? Calculate the velocity gradient in a rapid mixer (coagulation), where the power input to the propeller is 0.5 kW, the plant provides water for 13000 people with average consumption of 130 L/person/day, retention time in rapid mixer is 23 s and water temperature is 20 oC. The dynamic viscosity at 20oC is 1x10-3 Pa/s. Debate the G value and if out of the range what steps to take bring G in the correct rangeA box measuring 50 cm x 50 cm x 50 cm is filled to the top with dry coarse aggregate of mass 187.5 kg. The water absorption and specific gravity of the aggregate are 0.5% and 2.5, respectively. The maximum quantity of water (in kg, round off to 2 decimal places) required to fill the box completely is brisa municipality treats 15x10^6 gal/day of groundwater containing the following: CO2 =17.6 mg/L, Ca2+ = 80mg/L, Mg2+ = 48.8 mg/L, Na+ = 23mg/L, Alk (HCO3-) = 270 mg/L as CaCO3, SO4 2 =125mg/L and Cl- = 35mg/L. The water is to be softened by excess lime treatment. Assume that the soda ash is 90 percent sodium carbonate, and the lime is 85 percent weight CaO. Determine the lime and soda ash dosages necessary for precipitation softening (kg/day).
- 8. The result of the liquid limit tests where N is the no of blows and w is the water content in % are given as follows: Trial 1 N=11 w=53.9; Trial 2 N=15 w=50.6; Trial 3 N=23 w=48.1; Trial 4 N= 30 w= 46; Trial 5 N= 46 w=43.3; Trial 6 N= 53 w=41. The PL= 25 and the in situ moisture content is 45%. Determine the liquid limit. a.43 b.50 c. 47 d.41Design a grit chamber for a conventional wastewater treatment plant to treat wastewater from a community equalling to 20000m^3 per day. Assume the following The grit chamber is preceded by course screens and has a rectangular cross section Diameter of the smallest grit particle to be removed is 0.2mm Average temperature is 20°C, specific gravity of grit particle is 2.65Design a grit chamber for a wastewater treatment plant with anaverage fow rate of 25,000 m3/d and a peak fow rate of 55,000m3/d. The detention time at peak fow is 3.0 min. The width to depthratio is 2:1. Use a depth of 2 m. The aeration rate is 0.4 m3/min perm of tank length. Determine the total air required and dimensionsof the grit chamber.