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Que. The advantage of I/O mapped devices to memory mapped is ___________
i) The former offers faster transfer of data
ii) The devices connected using I/O mapping have a bigger buffer space
iii) The devices have to deal with fewer address lines
iv) No advantage as such
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- Please show all work and scrrenshot ouput as well. This is my 2nd time posting this. Please make sure everything is right and not copied from other sources with similar questions. Follow the direction for each question. Your submission should be one PDF file which includes the MIPS source programs and the screenshots of your MARS execution windows. 1. Draw a picture illustrating the contents of memory, given the following data declarations: You need to mark all the memory addresses. Assume that your data segment starts at 0x1000 in memory. (10 points) Name: .asciiz "Jim Bond!"Age: .byte 24Numbers: .word 11, 22, 33Letter1: .asciiz 'M' 2. Create the data declaration part of the above by creating a file with MARS and assemble it to show the memory contents. You don't have to have .text part since this is just data declaration only. Capture your screen of MARS execution window by checking "ASCII" option of Data Segment part. (10 points)Which of the following is not a disadvantage of partitioned allocation memory management? Lütfen birini seçin: a. The partitioning is simple b. The size of partition is limited to the size of RAM c. Memory utilization is around 10 percent d. There is internal fragmentationQuestion 2 (30% of the total mark of 30) The following is a MBR snapshots. Find the following information for each partition. (Hints: watch this youtube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jRj_HzbHeWU) Find Boot indicator bits/flag (check if bootable or not) Find types of File System Type (e.g., FAT32, NFTS, EXT3 etc.) Starting LBA Address (Relative Sectors) Size of the partitions (sector size is 512 bytes).
- Give two examples of why caches are beneficial. What issue are they supposed to solve? What kind of issue do they create? Why not build a cache as huge as the device it is caching for (for example, a cache as large as a disk) and delete the device?OPERATING SYSTEMS Give two reasons why caches are useful.What problems do they solve?What problems do they cause? If a cache can be made as large as the device for which it is caching (for instance, a cache as large as a disk),why not make it that large and eliminate the device?Suppose we run a process several times on the same computer, with the same OS running, and find that it takes different amounts of time to complete in the different runs. Let us think about what factors could influence this. For each part below, please provide essential details. Minimize unnecessary information. (a) Can i/o devices affect this? (In this part assume that this process does not have any i/o) (b) Can the Memory Management System affect this?
- 1.Which of the following leads to slow-down of file reads? * a)Excessive long-term usage of hard disk b)Disk caches c)Fragmentation of files d)Aging mechanical head 2.The main reason why interrupts are often not disabled in interrupt handling is because: * a)It is not supported by all CPU architectures. b)Because disabling interrupts is often not an atomic operation. c)So as to allow a single interrupt handler to handle interrupts from various devices. d)For more system responsiveness, we require preemptive interrupt handling.Digital memory includes hard disc drives (HDD), RAM, SSDs, and cache memory. Is it better to have many memory standards or would it be better for customers if there was just one, like SSD sizes? Is a single standard cheaper and more convenient for consumers? Sequential and direct memory access are two ways. Why do key gadgets increasingly utilise direct access? How can we transfer data from a device that only allows sequential access to one that only supports direct access?The caches are valuable for two reasons: how do they address the problem? Are they causing any problems? So, if it's possible to create a cache that's the same size as the device it's caching for (for example, a disk cache), why not do that, and remove the device?
- Suppose you are working in Microsoft and there is an ongoing discussion of how to optimize the newly developed TreeOS operating system for embedded devices. For fast processing, it was decided that the minimum RAM needed to run TreeOS will be 8GB. The scheduling policy used will be round robin. The total size of the treeOS will be only 2GB as it is for embedded devices. There will be however no virtual memory supported as the required RAM is already of large size. One of your colleagues has proposed that by generating reference strings for each process we can combine the addresses of all the processes and generate a single reference string to save space. What are your thoughts on this?Transfer times across memory tiers may be decreased by using buffers. For the above configuration, please list any buffers that might exist between the L1 and L2 caches, and between the L2 cache and the RAM.Answer the following: 1. Which layer in the I/O functions is the most significant and why?2. Which typoes of I/o buffering woulb be appropriate for a gaming laptop? why?3. What are the possible implication of choosing the most appropriate disk scheduling policy for an I/O system? Ratioanalize your answer.