Question 1 In term of run time complexity Operations on a Stack are faster than on a Queue data structure Operations on a Queue are faster than on a Stack data structure There is NO valid way to compare the run-time complexity of a Stack and a Queue because they are different data structures Stack and Queue data structures have the same run time complexity on ALL of their operations

Question 1 In term of run time complexity Operations on a Stack are faster than on a Queue data structure Operations on a Queue are faster than on a Stack data structure There is NO valid way to compare the run-time complexity of a Stack and a Queue because they are different data structures Stack and Queue data structures have the same run time complexity on ALL of their operations

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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The most common implementation technique for regex is backtracking, a common algorithm design technique. Assuming that the implementation is simulating an NFA, and that a stack is used to store the backtracking data, give an example data structure for an entry in that stack. I.e. what fields are in this data structure, and why are they needed? An example sketch may be useful.
10.12 It is possible for one linear structure to be more general than another.(a) Can a Queue be implemented using a Stack? What is the level of complexity of each Queue operation? (b) Can a Stack be implemented using a Queue? What are the various Stack techniques' complexities? 10.13 Explain how we could efficiently build a Queue as a pair of Stacks, known as a "stack pair." (Hint: Consider one of the stacks to be the head of the queue and the other to be the tail.)
Problem 1: Consider an array-based queue implementation. Suppose we wish to use an extra bitin queue records to indicate whether a queue is empty.1. Modify the declarations and operations for a circular queue to accommodate this feature.2. Would you expect the change to be worthwhile?Problem 2: Consider an array-based queue implementation. A variant of the circular queuerecords the position of the front element and the length of the queue.1. Is it necessary in this implementation to limit the length of a queue to maxlength - 1?2. Write the five queue operations for this implementation.3. Compare this implementation with the circular queue implementation discussed in class.Problem 3: A dequeue (double-ended queue) is a list from which elements can be inserted ordeleted at either end.1. Develop an array-based implementation for dequeue.2. Develop a pointer-based implementation for dequeue.
Problem 1 Consider an array-based queue implementation. Suppose we wish to use an extra bitin queue records to indicate whether a queue is empty.1. Modify the declarations and operations for a circular queue to accommodate this feature.2. Would you expect the change to be worthwhile? Problem 2 Given the following specification of a front operation for queue:ItemType FrontFunction: Returns a copy of the front item on the queue.Precondition: Queue is not empty.Postcondition: Queue is not changed.1. Write this operation as client code, using operations from the QueType class. (Remember,the client code has no access to the private variables of the class).2. Write this function as a new member function of the QueType class. Problem 3 Implement the following specification for a Boolean function in the client programthat returns true if two queues are identical and false otherwise.Boolean Identical(QueType queue1, QueType queue2)Function: Determines if two queues are identical.Precondition:…
Given the following sequence of characters: DA&T!A ST*R&U!CT!&UR*ES. Consider the stack data structure, supporting two operations push and pop. Suppose that for the above sequence, each letter (such as DATA STRUCTURES) corresponds to a push of that letter onto the stack, each exclamation mark(!) corresponds one pop operation on the stack, each ampersand (&) corresponds one peep operation on the stack and each asterisk (*) corresponds two pop operations on the stack. Show the sequence of values returned by the pop operations. Also, display the remaining elements in the stack after all the push and pop operations.
Problem 3: Almost a priority queue. Design a data structure that supports the followingoperations for almost a priority queue:(i) FindSecondSmallest() which returns the second smallest item in the data structure.(ii) Insert(x) which inserts item x to the data structure.(iii) DeleteSecondSmallest() which removes the second smallest item from the datastructure.Your data structure should implement the operation FindSecondSmallest() in O(1), andthe other two operations in O(log n), where n is the number of elements in the datastructure.
10.12 There is a possibility that one linear structure is more universal than another.(a) Can a Stack be used to implement a Queue? What is the degree of difficulty of each Queue operation? (b) Can a Queue be used to implement a Stack? What are the complexity of the various Stack techniques? 10.13 Describe how we may efficiently construct a Queue as a pair of Stacks, referred to as a "stack pair." (Hint: Think of one stack as the head of the queue and the other as the tail.) 10.12 There is a possibility that one linear structure is more universal than another.(a) Can a Stack be used to implement a Queue? What is the degree of difficulty of each Queue operation? (b) Can a Queue be used to implement a Stack? What are the complexity of the various Stack techniques? 10.13 Describe how we may efficiently construct a Queue as a pair of Stacks, referred to as a "stack pair." (Hint: Think of one stack as the head of the queue and the other as the tail.) 10.12 There is a possibility that…
Two major issues of simple Queue data structure are 1) Memory wastage, and 2) limitation of using the same array indices again after the queue elements are deleted. How can you solve these problems? Briefly explain your proposed solutions.What changes you need to make in the following enqueue() function, so that the above-mentioned problems will not happen again.Perform this task on paper, take a clear picture of solution and paste it in answer section. void enqueue(int val) { if(isFull()) cout<<”Queue is Full”<<endl; else myArray[++rear] = val; }
The queues that function as a stack together work on X) and POP(S, Y), where S is purportedly a stack, X is the element to be added to S, and Y is the element discarded from S. Assume that only queues are accessible to ADT's ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and EMPTYQUEUE operations.Show how your function operates on a list of items (a, b, and c) that will be used as a stack by the queues Q1 and Q2.
Explain thoroughly the answers to the following questions: What are the most common operations of a stack? Explain each operation. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a stack? What are the different types of queues? Compare each variant to a simple queue?
Compare and contrast the stack and queue data structures. Explain their underlying principles, usage scenarios, and the differences in their operations.
Problem 5 (Stacks): A stack of integer elements is implemented as an array. The index of the topelement is kept in position 0 in the array, and the stack elements are stored in stack[1], …,stack[stack[0]].1. How does this implementation fare when assessed against the idea of an array as ahomogeneous collection of data elements?2. How would this implementation change the stack specification?3. How would it change the implementation of the functions?