Question 18 The Drosophila melanogaster gene chico encodes an insulin receptor substrate that functions in an insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway. Scientists found that mutation of chico extends fruit fly median life-span by up to 48% in homozygotes and 36% in heterozygotes. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, insulin/IGF signaling regulates adult worm longevity. What can be concluded about the genetics of longevity? A, Insulin/IGF signaling has no role in regulating longevity B. Chico gene mutation is deleterious for longevity C. Genes that impact longevity are unique for every species D. Longevity is based only on environmental factors E. The role of insulin/IGF signaling in regulating animal aging is evolutionarily conserved

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Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.