QUESTION 2 In dynamic scheduling, instructions are fetched out of order. True False QUESTION 3
Q: CPUS with multi-threading capabilities can run more than one hardware thread on one CPU. This is…
A: refer to step 2 for the answer.
Q: What will happen if multiple process have the same priority levels in cpu scheduling?
A: Priority Scheduling is a method of scheduling processes that are based on priority. In this…
Q: What is Preemptive Scheduling?
A: Introduction : Scheduling : One process is executed on the CPU in process scheduling, while another…
Q: What exactly does the term "preemptive scheduling" entail?
A: The Answer is in step-2.
Q: So what happens when many processes have the same CPU scheduling priority levels?
A: The CPU determines the manner and sequence in which processes should be carried out through a…
Q: 2. CPU Scheduling Demonstrate multilevel queuing. Queue 1 uses SJF and Queue 2 use FCFS. Here Queue…
A: In the multilevel queuing the priority to the system, the task is higher than that of a user task.…
Q: The main advantage of a multiprogramming system is: A More than one job can be processed at a given…
A: the answer is an all of the above
Q: Under what conditions does round robin scheduling produce lowest CPU utilization rate?
A: Round Robin Sheduling:- It is used in a time sharing and multi user system. Time is divided into…
Q: How much CPU time and effort does preemptive scheduling vs. non-preemptive scheduling take?
A: Introduction: The scheduling approach that requires the greatest time and effort from the central…
Q: Discuss two differences between CPU scheduler and Job scheduler
A: A process is a type of program in execution. There will be multiple processes running parallel in…
Q: What exactly does "preemptive scheduling" imply
A: This question about preemptive scheduling:
Q: What happens if numerous separate processes all have the same priority levels when it comes to…
A: Priority Scheduling is a priority-based process scheduling algorithm in which the scheduler…
Q: Which scheduling strategy, preemptive or non-preemptive, necessitates the greatest time and effort…
A: Introduction: The scheduling strategy that necessitates the most time and effort for the CPU.
Q: What is not a disadvantage of priority scheduling in operating systems? a) A low priority process…
A: Priority scheduling in Operating system is a mechanism in which tasks are executed based on…
Q: ss the entire CPU Scheduling issues in a multitasking-distribu
A: Introduction: Below the entire CPU Scheduling issues in a multitasking-distributed system
Q: Explain what process starvation in priority scheduling is and how to prevent it in a few words.
A: A major problem or difficulty with priority scheduling algorithms is indefinite blocking or…
Q: What is preemptive scheduling? Compare this to Cooperative scheduling.
A: Preemptive scheduling: When a process transitions from the running state to the ready state or from…
Q: In as few words as possible, please explain how to prevent a process from being starved in priority…
A: Priority scheduling: Priority scheduling is a strategy for prioritizing the scheduling of processes.…
Q: Write a summary of CPU scheduling algorithms .
A: (i) CPU scheduling is the errand of choosing a waiting interaction from the ready queue and…
Q: As far as processor scheduling strategies are concerned, the acronym SJF stands for A Smartest Job…
A: Answer C) Shortest Job First.
Q: Comparison of several multithreading methods for uniprocessor and multiprocessor systems in…
A: CPU programming is a technique that enables one process to utilize the CPU while another process is…
Q: Different operating systems (Linux, Windows, Mac, Android, etc.) are compared for multithreading…
A: INTRODUCTION: Here we need to tell different operating systems (Linux, Windows, Mac, Android, etc.)…
Q: What happens if the priority levels of numerous processes are the same in CPU scheduling?
A: Introduction: The scheduler permits each process to execute for its own time as long as they are…
Q: What does "preemptive scheduling" imply?
A: 1) Scheduling is a process of determining which process will own CPU for execution while another…
Q: Discuss a difficulty caused by concurrent processing in an operating system.
A: According to the question concurrent processing in an operating system is useful to filter the…
Q: Explain how to avoid a process from being starved in priority scheduling in a few words.
A: Starvation in priority scheduling: High priority processes keep executing and low priority processes…
Q: Between Preemptive and Non-Preemptive scheduling, which requires more time and action from the CPU?…
A: A process is an entity that represents the fundamental unit of work and a process is just a…
Q: What happens if the priority levels of several processes in cpu scheduling are the same?
A: Introduction: As long as the processes are ready in a high priority queue, the scheduler allows each…
Q: In priority scheduling algorithm ____________ a) CPU is allocated to the process with highest…
A: Question. In priority scheduling algorithm ____________ a) CPU is allocated to the process with…
Q: What exactly does "preemptive scheduling" mean?
A: Introduction: Preemptive scheduling: The CPU (central processing unit) and resources are allotted…
Q: What exactly does the term "preemptive scheduling" imply?
A: We are going to understand the term preemptive scheduling. Preemptive scheduling is a technique used…
Q: If the CPU scheduling policy is priority scheduling with pre-emption, the ATAT will be 16 ms 15 ms…
A: To get the Average Turn Around Time in preemptive priority scheduling, follow the below steps:…
Q: Discuss a problem that occurs as a result of concurrent processing in an operating system.
A: Given: Discuss a problem that occurs as a result of concurrent processing in an operating system.
Q: Aging is a phenomenon associated with the Priority scheduling algorithms, in which a process ready…
A: -We have to select between true and false in the given statement. - The statement says that ageing…
Q: Why do you believe CPU scheduling is critical? What's more, why does scheduling use a separate…
A: CPU scheduling can be defined as a process of figuring out which cycle will possess CPU for…
Q: A time sharing system would likely use: a) First-in-First-Out (FIFO) CPU scheduling b) Priority CPU…
A: Defined a time-sharing system would likely use in scheduling
Q: What is meant by preemptive scheduling?
A: Preemptive scheduling: In the preemptive scheduling, the CPU (central processing unit) and…
Q: Which of these two scheduling approaches-preemptive or non-preemptive -requires more time and…
A:
Q: Ho
A: A process is not only a program under execution but it is the active state of the program when it is…
Q: In priority scheduling algorithm ____________ I)CPU is allocated to the process with highest…
A: given data In priority scheduling algorithm ____________ I)CPU is allocated to the process with…
Q: Numerous multithreading techniques for uniprocessor and multiprocessor systems running on a variety…
A: Introduction: On a multiprocessor system, several threads may execute on multiple CPUs at the same…
Q: When it comes to the scheduling of the CPU, what happens if multiple different processes have the…
A: The scheduler permits each process to run for its own time as long as the procedures are ready in…
Q: OPERATING SYSTEMS Explain the difference between preemptive and nonpreemptive scheduling.
A: Introduction: Preemptive Scheduling: Preemptive Scheduling is a style of Scheduling in which jobs…
Q: Briefly describe what process starvation in priority scheduling entails and how to avoid it.
A: Non-preemptive priority scheduling is one of the most prevalent batch system scheduling strategies.…
Q: What are the CPU scheduling criteria? Explain in details according to the optimization concern.
A: When a processor switch between one state to another state, the processor will be going to schedule…
Q: What exactly is preemptive scheduling?
A: Introduction: The CPU (central processing unit) and resources are allotted for a limited duration in…
Q: What does "preemptive scheduling" mean
A: The following will be determined: What exactly does "preemptive scheduling" imply.
Q: What are the optimal criteria for Round Robin Scheduling to achieve the lowest CPU usage rate?
A: Solution: 1. It assigns a certain amount of time for operations to complete. 2. The performance of…
Q: Comparison of different multithreading methods for uniprocessor and multiprocessor systems in…
A: CPU Scheduling is deciding which process will have exclusive use of the CPU while another is paused.…
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- 10. Q1 : What is an atomic instruction? Show that if the wait operation is not executed atomically, then mutual exclusion may be violated Q2: What is spinlock? Discuss the advantage and disadvantage of using spinlock. Why do you think Solaris, Linux, and Windows 2000 use spinlocks as a synchronization mechanism only on multiprocessor systems and not on single- processor systems?. Consider a system that has multiple processors where eachprocessor has its own cache, but main memory is shared among allprocessors.1. a) Which cache write policy would you use?2. b) The cache coherency problem. With regard to the systemjust described, what problems are caused if a processor has acopy of memory block A in its cache and a second processor,also having a copy of A in its cache, then updates mainmemory block A? Can you think of a way (perhaps morethan one) of preventing this situation, or lessening itseffects?Uniprogramming typically provides better utilization of system resources than multiprogramming. (T/F). A fetched instruction is normally loaded into the Instruction Register (IR). (T/F) If a kernel is single-threaded, system calls from any thread can block the entire task .(T/F) Solid state drives are less reliable than conventional Magnetic hard drives. (T/F) The less-privileged processor execution mode is often referred to as kernel mode. (T/F) The Dining Philosopher’s Problem illustrates basic problems in deadlock and starvation. (T/F)
- Please help me in these following questions: 1/ The LEGv8 processor in the book demonstrated multiple issue using __________ . a. dynamic dual issue b. dynamic quad issue c. static dual issue d. static quad issue 2/ A stall in the pipeline is indicated by the compiler using a(n) __________ instruction. a.branch b. exception c. nop d. delay 3/ The CPU is updated on the __________ . a. low clock value b. falling clock edge c. rising clock edge d. high clock value 4/ If an exception occurs in the pipeline, the following must occur. a. Flush all instructions b. Complete instructions before the exception, flush the instructions following the exception c. Complete instructions before the exception, save the registers of the instructions following the exception d. Complete all instructions except for the failed instruction 5/ Dynamic multiple issue occurs __________ . a. at compile time b. when the CPU fetches instructions c. when a hazard invalidates an instruction d. when a…a) Suppose two threads T1 and T2 are running concurrently in the same process with a single CPU. Suppose T1 does “Load X into register R1” machine instruction. Then the CPU scheduler switches the CPU to T2. Will T2 see the same vaue of R1 as loaded here by T1? (YES or NO)? Explain in less than 50 words. Be specific. (b) Suppose two threads T1 and T2 are running concurrently in the same process with a single CPU. Is it possible to have a moment (time instant) where both threads have made a request to Memory Unit to read some data (ex. as part of a “Load … into register …” instruction) and Memory Unit has not yet completed either of these two requests? Explain in less than 50 words.Consider the following instruction:Instruction: Add Rd, Rs, RtInterperation: Reg[Rd] = Reg[Rs] + Reg[Rt] RegWrite MemRead ALUMux MemWrite ALUOp RegMux Branch a, What are the values of control signals generated by the control in Figure 4.2 for the above instruction? b, Which resources (blocks) perform a useful function for this instruction? c, Which resources (blocks) produce outputs, but their outputs are not used for this instruction? d, which resources (blocks) produce no output for this instruction?
- How does pipelining improve CPU efficiency? What’s the potential effect on pipelining’s efficiency when executing a conditional BRANCH instruction? What techniques can be used to make pipelining more efficient when executing conditional BRANCH instructions?Consider the following three CPU organizations:CPU SS: A 2-core superscalar microprocessor that provides out-of-order issue capabilities on 2 function units (FUs). Only a single thread can run on each core at a time.CPU MT: A fi ne-grained multithreaded processor that allows instructions from 2 threads to be run concurrently (i.e., there are two functional units), though only instructions from a single thread can be issued on any cycle. CPU SMT: An SMT processor that allows instructions from 2 threads to be run concurrently (i.e., there are two functional units), and instructions from either or both threads can be issued to run on any cycle. Assume we have two threads X and Y to run on these CPUs that include the following operations: Thread X Thread Y A1 – takes 3 cycles to executeA2 – no dependences A3 – conflicts for a functional unit with A1A4 – depends on the result of A3 B1 – take 2 cycles to executeB2 – confl icts for a functional unit with B1B3 – depends on the result of…A particular (fictional) CPU has the following internal units and timings (WRand RR are write/read registers,ALU does all logic and integer operations and there is a separate floatingpoint unit FPU. Timings for each unit in picoseconds are:IR 230, RR 40, WR 50, ALU 200, MEM 260, FPU 380(assume instruction read and memory access are average time for access tocache)There are 5 basic instruction types: - here are instruction sequence for eachtype, time in picoseconds and percentage of each type in a typical set of testcodes:1. LOAD : IR+RR+ALU+MEM+WR : 780, 20%2. STORE: IR+RR+ALU+MEM : 730, 10%3. LOGIC/INTEGER: IR+RR+ALU+WR : 520, 40%4. FLOATING POINT: IR+RR+FPU+WR : 700, 10%5. BRANCH: IR+RR+ALU : 270, 20%1 cycle is 780ps = .780 nanoseconds for this machine, on the assumption thatall instructions take 1 cycle (assume all memory access is in cache). Clockfrequency is 1/.780 = 1.28 GHz (rounded to 2 decimals) for an ideal CPI=1
- Due: Jan 4 Assignment 1 Compare performance for single-cycle, multicycle, and pipelined datapaths vy calculating execution time for each using the gcc instruction mixassume 2 ns for memory access, 2 ns for ALU operation, 1 ns for register read or writeassume gcc instruction mix 23% loads, 13% stores, 19% branches, 2% jumps, 43% ALUfor pipelined execution assume50% of the loads are followed immediately by an instruction that uses the result of the load25% of branches are mispredictedbranch delay on misprediction is 1 clock cyclejumps always incur 1 clock cycle delay so their average time is 2 clock cyclesAssume a 3GHz processor executes three classes of instructions(A, B, C).i. Calculate the average CPI for this sequence of program.ii. Calculate the execution time for this sequence of program.iii. If we use a system with four same processors, there will bespeed up by a factor of 4 for classes A and C, but class B willremain unaffected. Calculate the new execution time for thissystem. What is the overall speed up? Class A B C CPI for class 4 2 10 IC in sequence 100 200 3004.0 You are building a computer with a hierarchical memory system that consists of separate instruction and data caches followed by main memory. You are using a MIPS single cycle processor running at 2.5 GHz. 4.0.1 Suppose the instruction cache is perfect (i.e., always hits) but the data cache has a 5.5 % miss rate. On a cvache miss, the processor stalls for 40 ns to access main memory, then resumes normal operation. Taking cache misses into account, what is the average memory access time? 4.0.2 Consider a benchmark application that has 20% loads, 15% stores, 10% branches, and 55% data processing instructions. Taking the non-ideal memory system into account, what is the average CPI for this benchmark? 4.0.3 Now suppose the instruction cache is also non-ideal and has a 2.5% miss rate. What is the average CPI for the benchmark in 4.0.2? Take into account both instruction and data cache misses.