Rank the following types of interplanetary missions from cheapest to most expensive in terms of fuel costs. A. hyperbolic flyby of the target planet B. going into orbit around the target planet     C. landing on the target planet D . returning a sample to Earth from the target planet

Q: he existence of the dwarf planet Pluto was proposed based on irregularities in Neptune's orbit.…

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Q: Astronomers at Caltech have used mathematical modeling of Pluto and Neptune's orbits to calculate…

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Q: The Spirit and Opportunity rovers landed on Mars with the use of huge airbags that helped cushion…

A: Force is defined as the rate of change of momentum.

Q: Calculate the escape velocity in km/s to 2 decimal places on Mars given; • Mass of Mars = 6.24 *…

A: To solve the given question, we will use the escape, velocity formula: v=2GMr

Q: Many spacecraft have visited Mars over the years. Mars is smaller than Earth and has correspondingly…

A: Given data: Free-fall acceleration on mars g =3.8 m/s2 The radius of the mars r…

Q: Calculate the escape speed of a planet with a radius of 1569 km and a gravitational acceleration of…

A: Given R = 1569 km= 1569*103 m gravitational acceleration g  = 1.30 m/s2 We have to calculate the…

Q: Pluto’s orbit around the Sun is highly elliptical compared to the planets in our Solar System. It…

A: Given value--- perihelion distance of 29.7 AU aphelion distance of 49.5 AU We have to find--- a)…

Q: Comets have very elongated elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus. Using Kepler's Law, why a…

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Q: If we send astronauts to Mars, there will be a time delay anytime we send or receive messages to…

A: Average distance between Earth and mars = 54.6 million km = 54.6 * 10 6 km   = 54.6 * 109 m Total…

Q: The cost the Apollo program that landed men on the moon was $25.4B.  Using estimation compare the…

A: The cost of the Apollo program that landed men on the moon was $25.4B. To compare the distance to…

Q: where do you think we should establish a colony first? In Mars or in Moon?

A: We should establish a colony first where the length of the day, atmosphere, water availiblity,…

Q: Kepler's third law says that T2/a3 is the same for all objects orbiting the Sun. Vesta is a minor…

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Q: How to calculate escape velocity of Planet?

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Q: 1. Universal Gravitation Compute the acceleration due to gravity near the surface of Mars, given…

A: We use the basic equations for finding the acceleration due to gravity as well as the effective…

Q: Saturn's moon Titan is observed to orbit with a period = 15.945 days and at a %3D distance =…

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Q: The existence of the dwarf planet Pluto was proposed based on irregularities in Neptune's orbit.…

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Q: You have negotiated with the Omicronians for a base on the planet Omicron Persei 7. The architects…

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Q: cean beneath its icy surface. Many scientists think we should land a ehicle there to search for…

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Q: Spacecraft have been sent to Mars in recent years. Mars is smaller than Earth and has…

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Q: Which evidence first supported the heliocentric model of the solar system?  A. Mapping of stars…

A: We have to answer that which of the following option works as an evidence that is used as as a first…

Q: The closest approach distance between Mars and Earth is 56 million km. Assume you can travel in a…

A: Given The closest approach distance between Mars and Earth is 56 million km. abs the velocity v=…

Q: Our Solar System consist of two distinctly different types of planets. A. Describe how these…

A: The solar system consists of two types of planets, 1. Terrestrial planet – First four – Mercury,…

Q: Jupiter's moon lo has active volcano that ejects material as high as 500km above the surface. lo has…

A: Given:Data for Jupiter's moon LoHJ = 500 km = 5×105 kmMJ = 8.94×1022 kgRJ = 1815 km=1815×103 m

Q: Weight is mass times the acceleration of gravity. If an individual weighs 162 pounds on Earth, how…

A: Let m is the mass of the individual and g is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth. The…

Q: What is one of the Mars missions that is currently operating and write about the mission’s history,…

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Q: 1. using Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation and some kinematics calculation we can calculate the…

A: Given,  vmax = 1.5 m/s Pstar = 3.5 days = 3.5 x 86400 =302400 sec Msun = 1.98847×1030 kg Mstar =…

Q: The existence of the dwarf planet Pluto was proposed based on irregularities in Neptune's orbit.…

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Q: The mass of Jupiter is 1/1047 of the Sun's mass (that's 0.000955). We want to confirm this using…

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Q: What is satellites? Name and explain various types of satellites.

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Q: observation. Scientists believe there is evidence for a ninth planet based on

A: Required :: Scientists believe there is a ninth planet based on ..

Q: Which evidence first supported the heliocentric model of the solar system? A. mapping of stars using…

A: To find: evidence supported the Heliocentric model of the solar system

Q: Saturn's moon Titan has a radius of 2.58 × 10 6 m and a measured gravitational field of 1.35 m/s2.…

A: The expression for gravitational field is g=GMr2 Rearrange in terms of mass M=gr2G

Q: Natural satellites of planets are:

A: Answer Natural satellite is an astronomical body that orbits a planet, dwarf planet, or small solar…

Q: Explain the folling data regarding artificial gravity. Just explain why these formulas were needed…

A: The artificial gravity is also known as the acceleration. This is related to gravity because it…

Q: You are completing a report for NASA on the mass and weight of various objects on different planets.…

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Q: You have negotiated with the Omicronians for a base on the planet Omicron Persei 7. The architects…

A: The given value for acceleration by omicronian unit is equal to

Q: Part (b) Calculate this minimum launch speed (called the escape speed), in meters per second, for a…

A: Part(b): Given: The mass of the planet is 2x1024 kg. The radius of the planet is 89x103 km.

Q: One year on Mars is as long as 1.88 years on earth. How many seconds is a Martian year?

A: 1 year on earth = 365 days on earth  1 day on earth = 24 hours on earth  1 hour on earth = 60…

Q: Q1 Using the above equation and what you know about kinetic energY and energy conservation, show…

A: Consider any object of mass m, initially on the surface of the earth. Since this object is on earth,…

Q: New Horizons was launched by NASA last January 19, 2006 to a mission to the dwarf planet Pluto. On…

A: There were mainly two focus reason of the scientist for the new horizons to each pluto as early as…

Q: why do scientists generally think that liquid water is necessary for the origin of life? (astronomy)

A: Scientists generally believe that liquid water is necessary for the origin of life, since water acts…