Rank these engines on the basis of the change in entropy of the gas during one complete cycle. Rank from largest to smallest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. • View Available Hint(s) Reset Help T- 500 KHeat Engine 1000J T- 600 KHeat Engine T,- 500 KHeat Engine T- 600 K Heat Engine T.- 500 KHeat Engine 500J 1000 J 500 J NWork 1500 J Work Work Work Work T= 250 K T- 300 K T-250 K T- 200 K T= 300 K T,= 600 KHeat Engine 1000 J Work T- 300 K

Rank these engines on the basis of the change in entropy of the gas during one complete cycle. Rank from largest to smallest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. • View Available Hint(s) Reset Help T- 500 KHeat Engine 1000J T- 600 KHeat Engine T,- 500 KHeat Engine T- 600 K Heat Engine T.- 500 KHeat Engine 500J 1000 J 500 J NWork 1500 J Work Work Work Work T= 250 K T- 300 K T-250 K T- 200 K T= 300 K T,= 600 KHeat Engine 1000 J Work T- 300 K

University Physics Volume 2

18th Edition

ISBN:9781938168161

Author:OpenStax

Publisher:OpenStax

Chapter4: The Second Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 64P: A Carnot engine has an efficiency of 0.60. When the temperature of its cold reservoir the efficiency...

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A heat engine operates between two temperatures such that the working substance of the engine absorbs 5000 J of heat from the high-temperature bath and discharges 3000 J to the low-temperature bath. The rest of the energy is converted into mechanical energy of the turbine. Find (a) the amount of work produced by the engine and (b) the efficiency of the engine.
An ideal refrigerator or ideal heat pump is equivalent to a Carnot engine running in reverse. That is, energy |Qc| is taken in from a cold reservoir and energy |Qh| is rejected to a hot reservoir. (a) Show that the work that must he supplied to run the refrigerator or heat pump is W=ThTcTc|Qc| (b) Show that the coefficient of performance (COP) of the ideal refrigerator is COP=TcThTc
Suppose you build a two-engine device with the exhaust energy output from one heat engine supplying the input energy for a second heat engine. We say that the two engines arc running in series. Let e1 and e2 represent the efficiencies of the two engines. (a) The overall efficiency of the two-engine device is defined as the total work output divided by the energy put into the first engine by heat. Show that the overall efficiency e is given by e=e1+e2e1e2 What If? For parts (b) through (e) that follow, assume the two engines are Carnot engines. Engine 1 operates between temperatures Th and Ti. The gas in engine 2 varies in temperature between Ti and Tc. In terms of the temperatures, (b) what is the efficiency of the combination engine? (c) Does an improvement in net efficiency result from the use of two engines instead of one? (d) What value of the intermediate temperature Ti results in equal work being done by each of the two engines in series? (e) What value of Ti results in each of the two engines in series having the same efficiency?
A Carnot engine has an efficiency of 0.60. When the temperature of its cold reservoir the efficiency drops to 0.55. If initially Tc=27, determine (a) the constant value of Th and (b) the final value of Tc.
To increase the efficiency of a Carnot engine, should the temperature of the hot reservoir be raised or lowered? What about the cold reservoir?
Steam locomotives have an efficiency of 17.0% and operate with a hot steam temperature of 425C. (a) What would the cold reservoir temperature be if this were a Carnot engine? (b) What would the maximum eficiency of this steam engine be if its cold reservoir temperature were 150C ?
Use a PV diagram such as the one in Figure 22.2 (page 653) to figure out how you could modify an engine to increase the work done.
. As a gasoline engine is miming, an amount of gasoline containing 15,000 J of chemical potential energy is burned in 1 s. During that second, the engine does 3,000 J of work. (a) What is the engine's efficiency? (b) The burning gasoline has a temperature of about 4,000°F (2,500 K). The waste heat from the engine flows into air at about 80°F (300 K). What is the Carnot efficiency of a heat engine operating between these two temperatures?
The Carnot cycle is represented by the temperature-entropy diagram shown below. (a) How much heat is absorbed per cycle at the high-temperature reservoir? (b) How much heat is exhausted per cycle at the low-temperature reservoir? (c) How much work is done per cycle by the engine? (d) What is the efficiency of the engine?
Which of the following is true for the entropy change of a system that undergoes a reversible, adiabatic process? (a) S 0 (b) S = 0 (c) S 0
How could you design a Carnot engine with 100% efficiency?
Does the entropy increase for a Carnot engine for each cycle?