Read the following statements related to the concept of acceleration: I. Describe the change in position of an object over time. II. Describe how the speed of an object changes over time, III. Describe the rate of change of time with respect to the position. IV. It is a scalar quantity. Of the previous statements, those that are represented as: a) 1,II AND IV b) II AND IV c) IAND II d) 1, I AND IV

Read the following statements related to the concept of acceleration: I. Describe the change in position of an object over time. II. Describe how the speed of an object changes over time, III. Describe the rate of change of time with respect to the position. IV. It is a scalar quantity. Of the previous statements, those that are represented as: a) 1,II AND IV b) II AND IV c) IAND II d) 1, I AND IV

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Description: Read the following statements related to the concept of acceleration:1. Describe the change in position of an object over time.II. Describe how the speed of an object changes over time,III. Describe the rate of change of time with respect to the pos

College Physics

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168000

Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Publisher:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Chapter2: Kinematics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 26CQ: (a) Explain how you can use the graph of position versus time in Figure 2.54 to describe the change...

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The top marathon runners complete the race in around 2 hours, so such an elite marathoners average speed is around 13.1 mph. To calculate a runners average velocity in a marathon, we would have to know the displacement, which means knowing the particular course. If the magnitude of the runners displacement is 20 mi over course A and 12 mi over course B, find the magnitude of the average velocity for each course (Fig. 2.14) and compare your results to the elite marathon average speed.
A student drives the 100-mi trip back to campus after spring break and travels with an average speed of 52 mi/h for 1 hour and 30 minutes for the first part of the trip. (a) What distance was traveled during this time? (b) Traffic gets heavier, and the last part of the trip takes another half-hour. What was the average speed during this leg of the trip? (c) Find the average speed for the total trip.
Two cars are moving in the same direction in parallel lanes along a highway. At some instant, the velocity of car A exceeds the velocity of car B. Does that mean that the acceleration of car A is greater than that of car B? Explain.
A speedboat travels in a straight line and increases in speed uniformly from i = 20.0 m/s to f = 30.0 m/s in displacement x of 200 m. We wish to find the time interval required for the boat to move through this displacement, (a) Draw a coordinate system for this situation, (b) What analysis model is most appropriate for describing this situation? (c) From the analysis model, what equation is most appropriate for finding the acceleration of the speedboat? (d) Solve the equation selected in part (c) symbolically for the boats acceleration in terms of i, f, and x. (e) Substitute numerical values lo obtain the acceleration numerically. (f) Find the time interval mentioned above.
A bicycle racer sprints at the end of a race to clinch a victory. The racer has an initial velocity of 11.5 m/s and accelerates at the rate of 0.500 m/s2 for 7.00 s. (a) What is his final velocity? (b) The racer continues at this velocity to the finish line. If he was 300 m from the finish line when he started to accelerate, how much time did he save? (c) One other racer was 5.00 m ahead when the winner started to accelerate, but he was unable to accelerate, and traveled at 11.8 m/s until the finish line. How far ahead of him (in meters and in seconds) did the winner finish?
Draw motion diagrams for (a) an object moving to the right at constant speed, (b) an object moving to the right and speeding up at a constant rate, (c) an object moving to the right and slowing down at a constant rate, (d) an object moving to the left and speeding up at a constant rate, and (e) an object moving to the left and slowing down at a constant rate. (f) How would your drawings change if the changes in speed were not uniform, that is, if the speed were not changing at a constant rate?
PROBLEM A race car starting from rest accelerates at a constant rate of 5.00 m/s2, (a) What is the velocity of the car after it has traveled 1.00 102 ft? (b) How much time has elapsed? (c) Calculate the average velocity two different ways. STRATEGY Weve read the problem, drawn the diagram in Figure 2.16, and chosen a coordinate system (steps 1 and 2). We'd like to find the velocity v after a certain known displacement x. The acceleration a is also known, as is the initial velocity v0 (step 3, labeling, is complete), so the third equation in Table 2.4 looks most useful for solving part (a). Given the velocity, the first equation in Table 2.4 can then be used to find the time in part (b). Part (c) requires substitution into Equations 2.2 and 2.7, respectively. Figure 2.16 (Example 2.4) SOLUTION (a) Convert units of x to SI, using the information in the inside front cover. Write the kinematics equation for v2 (step 4): Solve for v, taking the positive square root because the car moves to the right (step 5): Substitute v0 = 0, a = 5.00 m/s2, and x = 30.5 m: 1.00 102ft = (1.00 102 ft) v2 = v02 + 2a x v = v02+2ax v = v02+2ax = (0)2+2(5.00m/s2)(30.5m)= 17.5 m/s (b) Find the trooper's speed at that time. Substitute the time into the troopers velocity equation: vtrooper = v0 + atrooper t = 0 + (3.00m/s2)(16.9s) = 50.7 m/s Solve Example 2.5, Car Chase, by a graphical method. On the same graph, plot position versus time for the car and the trooper. From the intersection of the two curves, read the time at which the trooper overtakes the car.
Kathy tests her new sports car by racing with Sian, an experienced racer. Both start from rest, but Kathy leaves the starting line 1.00 s after Stan does. Stan moves with a constant acceleration of 3.50 m/s2, while Kathy maintains an acceleration of 4.90 m/s2. Find (a) the time at which Kathy overtakes Stan, (b) the distance she travels before she catches him, and (c) the speeds of both cars at the instant Kathy overtakes Stan.
(a) Sketch a graph of acceleration versus time corresponding to the graph of velocity versus time given in Figure 2.57. (b) Identify the time or titles (ta, tb, tc, etc.) at which the acceleration is greatest, (c) At which times is it zero? (d) At which times is it negative?
In Figure 2.11b, the area under the velocitytime graph and between the vertical axis and time t (vertical dashed line) represents the displacement. As shown, this area consists of a rectangle and a triangle. (a) Compute their areas. (b) Explain how the sum of the two areas compares with the expression on the right-hand side of Equation 2.16.
Parts (a), (b), and (c) of Figure 2.10 represent three graphs of the velocities of different objects moving in straight-line paths as functions of time. The possible accelerations of each object as functions of time are shown in parts (d), (c), and (f). Match each velocity vs. time graph with the acceleration vs. time graph that best describes the motion. Figure 2.10 (Quick Quiz 2.3) Match each velocity vs. time graph to its corresponding acceleration vs. time graph.
The kinematic equations can describe phenomena other than motion through space and time. Suppose x represents a persons bank account balance. The units of x would be dollars (), and velocity v would give the rate at which the balance changes (in units of, for example, /month). Acceleration would give the rate at which v changes. Suppose a person begins with ten thousand dollars in the bank. Initial money management, leads to no net change in the account balance so that v0 = 0. Unfortunately, management worsens over time so that a = 2.5 102 /month2. Assuming a is constant, find the amount of time in months until the bank account is empty