Requirements: 1. Compute the net income for each month using variable costing.  2. Compute the monthly breakeven point under variable costing.  3. Explain to Ms. Gale why profits have moved erratically over the three month period shown in the absorption costing statements above and why profits have not been more closely rated to changes in sales volume.

Financial & Managerial Accounting
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Chapter13: Statement Of Cash Flows
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Problem 13.1TIF
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Requirements:
1. Compute the net income for each month using variable costing. 
2. Compute the monthly breakeven point under variable costing. 
3. Explain to Ms. Gale why profits have moved erratically over the three month period shown in
the absorption costing statements above and why profits have not been more closely rated to
changes in sales volume. 
4. Identify and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using the variable costing method for
internal reporting purposes. 
5. Reconcile the absorption costing and the variable costing net operating income figures for each
month. 

Case 2-1 "Now this doesn't make any sense at all," said Florence Gale, financial vice
president for Warner Bros. Company. "Our sales have been steadily rising over the last
several months, but profits have been going in the opposite direction. In September we
finally hit P2,000,000 in sales, but the bottom line for that month drops off to a P100,000
loss. Why aren't profits more closely correlated with sales?"
The statements to which Ms Gale was referring are shown below:
July August
P1,750,000 P1,875,000
Sales (P25)
Less: Cost of Goods Sold
Beginning Inventory
Cost applied to production:
Variable MFTG cost
Fixed MFTG cost
Cost of Goods Manufactured
Goods Available for Sale
Less: Ending Inventory
Cost of Goods Sold
Under/OverApplied Fixed OH
Adjusted CGS
Gross Margin
Less: Selling and Admin Expense
Net income(loss)
80,000
765,000
595,000
1,360,000
Production in units
Sales in units
320,000
720,000
560,000
1,280,000
1,440,000 1,600,000
320,000
400,000
1,120,000 1,200,000
(35,000)
(0)
1,085,000 1,200,000
P665,000 P675,000
620,000
650,000
P45,000
P25,000
85,000 80,000
70,000 75,000
September
P2,000,000
Klein, a new graduate from a USCE who has just been hired by Warner, has stated to Ms.
Gale that the contribution margin approach, with variable costing, is a much better way to
report profit data to management. Sales and production data for the last quarter follow:
July August
September
60,000
80,000
Additional Information about the company's operations is given below:
a. 5,000 units were in inventory on July 1
400,000
540,000
420,000
960,000
1,360,000
80,000
1,280,000
140,000
1,420,000
P580,000
680,000
P(100,000)
b. Fixed manufacturing overhead costs total P1,680,000 per quarter and are incurred
evenly throughout the quarter. This fixed manufacturing overhead cost is applied to
units of product on a basis of a budgeted production volume of 80,000 units per
month
c. Variable selling and admin expenses are P6 per unit sold. The remainder of the
selling and admin expenses on the statements above are fixed.
d. The company uses FIFO inventory flow assumption. Work in process inventories are
insignificant and can be ignored.
"I know production is somewhat out of step with sales," said Karla E, the company's
controller. "But we had to build inventory early in the quarter in anticipation of a strike in
September. Since the union settled without a strike, we than had to cut back production in
September in order to work off the excess inventories. The income statements you have are
completely accurate.
Transcribed Image Text:Case 2-1 "Now this doesn't make any sense at all," said Florence Gale, financial vice president for Warner Bros. Company. "Our sales have been steadily rising over the last several months, but profits have been going in the opposite direction. In September we finally hit P2,000,000 in sales, but the bottom line for that month drops off to a P100,000 loss. Why aren't profits more closely correlated with sales?" The statements to which Ms Gale was referring are shown below: July August P1,750,000 P1,875,000 Sales (P25) Less: Cost of Goods Sold Beginning Inventory Cost applied to production: Variable MFTG cost Fixed MFTG cost Cost of Goods Manufactured Goods Available for Sale Less: Ending Inventory Cost of Goods Sold Under/OverApplied Fixed OH Adjusted CGS Gross Margin Less: Selling and Admin Expense Net income(loss) 80,000 765,000 595,000 1,360,000 Production in units Sales in units 320,000 720,000 560,000 1,280,000 1,440,000 1,600,000 320,000 400,000 1,120,000 1,200,000 (35,000) (0) 1,085,000 1,200,000 P665,000 P675,000 620,000 650,000 P45,000 P25,000 85,000 80,000 70,000 75,000 September P2,000,000 Klein, a new graduate from a USCE who has just been hired by Warner, has stated to Ms. Gale that the contribution margin approach, with variable costing, is a much better way to report profit data to management. Sales and production data for the last quarter follow: July August September 60,000 80,000 Additional Information about the company's operations is given below: a. 5,000 units were in inventory on July 1 400,000 540,000 420,000 960,000 1,360,000 80,000 1,280,000 140,000 1,420,000 P580,000 680,000 P(100,000) b. Fixed manufacturing overhead costs total P1,680,000 per quarter and are incurred evenly throughout the quarter. This fixed manufacturing overhead cost is applied to units of product on a basis of a budgeted production volume of 80,000 units per month c. Variable selling and admin expenses are P6 per unit sold. The remainder of the selling and admin expenses on the statements above are fixed. d. The company uses FIFO inventory flow assumption. Work in process inventories are insignificant and can be ignored. "I know production is somewhat out of step with sales," said Karla E, the company's controller. "But we had to build inventory early in the quarter in anticipation of a strike in September. Since the union settled without a strike, we than had to cut back production in September in order to work off the excess inventories. The income statements you have are completely accurate.
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