RNA interference refers to the phenomenon in which the presence of a leads to the silencing of a complementary mRNA. For this to occur, the by Dicer into small RNA fragments either with a complex called the to MRNA molecule is processed or . These RNA species associate which then binds to the target mRNA. This either leads :- or inhibits
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
RNA interference or RNAi is a mechanism in which a particular mRNA is degraded or inhibited after the introduction of sequence specific double stranded RNA (dsRNA) into cells. It is considered as an evolutionarily conserved defense mechanism. It is a gene silencing process which is controlled by RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and is initiated by dsRNA short length fragments. Exogenous dsRNA results in the activation of ribonuclease protein Dicer and thus initiates RNAi which binds and cleaves dsRNA and forms double stranded fragments of 20-25 b.p. These small double stranded fragments are known as small interfering RNAs(siRNAs) which are then separated into single strands. They then integrate into an active RISC.
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