To create a functional hormone, insulin pre-mRNA is first made during the process of transcription in the nucleus. It is then modified and exported out of the nucleus. Next, a BLANK (a specific molecule in the cell) carries-out translation using tRNAs to translate the sequence into amino acids. The polypeptide is further processed and then secreted from the cell.

To create a functional hormone, insulin pre-mRNA is first made during the process of transcription in the nucleus. It is then modified and exported out of the nucleus. Next, a BLANK (a specific molecule in the cell) carries-out translation using tRNAs to translate the sequence into amino acids. The polypeptide is further processed and then secreted from the cell.

Name: To create a functional hormone, insulin pre-mRNA is first made during
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Description: To create a functional hormone, insulin pre-mRNA is first made during the process of transcription in the nucleus. It is then modified and exported out of the nucleus. Next, a BLANK (a specific molecule in the cell) carries-out translation using tRNA

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter13: Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11TYU

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My textbook says:"Protein encoding genes control protein production indirectly, using a related molecule called RNA as an intermediary. The sequences of nucleotides along a gene is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into a linked series of protein building blocks called amino acids."My question is, do only protein encoding genes control protein production indirectly through RNA or do all genes do this?
Number the following steps of protein synthesis in order in which they occur, starting with 1 and ending with 9. a. ____ the stop codon is reached, and the polypeptide is released b.____ the small ribosomal subunit finds the start codon, and the large ribosomal subunit joins. c.____ the end of the gene is reached, and the pre-mRNA is released and then edited. d. ____ The transcription factor bonds the promoter. e. ____ the protein is folded and modified to become functional. f. ____ RNA polymerase builds the mRNA transcript. g. ____ mRNA and initiator tRNA bind the small ribosomal subunit. h. ____ new tRNAs are brought into the A site successively, and the peptide chain of the tRNA in the P site is joined to the amino acid of the tRNA in the A site. i. ____ mRNA exits the nucleus via a nuclear pore.
In order to metabolize ethanol, the liver uses a pathway that involves alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Both of these enzymes generate NADH,NADH, which then accumulates, contributing to the development of fatty liver disease. SELECT ALL of the processes that describe the effects of NADHNADH accumulation? a.promotion of triacylglycerol hydrolysis b.promotion of fatty acid synthesis c.inactivation of transcription factor d.changes in gene transcription
Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the following mechanisms of regulation: Transcriptional control Translational control Post translational control
According to the adaptor hypothesis, is each of the following statements true or false? A. The sequence of anticodons in tRNA directly recognizes codon sequences in mRNA, with some room for wobble. B. The amino acid attached to the tRNA directly recognizes codon sequences in mRNA. C. The amino acid attached to the tRNA affects the binding of the tRNA to a codon sequence in mRNA.
When regulatory protein binds to a mature mRNA in the cytoplasm and prevents it from binding to a ribosome, this is an example of: A) transcriptional control B) post-transcriptional control C) post-translational control D) epigenetic control E) translational control
Which of the following are common ways to regulate a protein? Group of answer options none of the options here binding of its substrate increased transcription of the gene encoding the protein The protein is exported out of the cell phosphorylation increased or decreased activity of the proteasome
Match each one (they can be repeated): 1) Plasminogen- Plasmin 2) Pro-insulin- Insulin 3) CFTR CL- Premature Termination Codon NMD 4) Myostatin-PTC 5) uRNAs-Disorders in the autism spectrum 6) Nucleosome-acetylations, methylations a) translational b) transcriptional c) post-translational d) post-transcriptional
Which of the following statements is FALSE? The mammalian glucocorticoid receptor: awaits the steroid hormone at the cell surface and is internalized into the cytoplasm upon glucocorticoid binding. is a hormone-dependent transcription factor. may act as an activator or repressor of transcription depending on the promoter it acts on. is sequestered in the cytoplasm by HSP90 as long as the glucocorticoid is absent. does not require phosphorylation by protein kinase A to bind DNA.
In mRNA processing, the first protein to bind to the signaling region near the cleavage site of the pre-mRNA molecule is _______. Group of answer choices Poly-A polymerase (PAP) Poly-A binding protein CPSF CPSF
Which of the following statements best describes a signal peptide? A.A signal peptide is a short amino acid sequence present at the N-terminus of the majority of newly translated proteins destined for the endomembrane system. B.A signal peptide is a long amino acid sequence that is present at the C-terminus of a protein destined for the localization in lumen of the mitochondrial. C.A signal peptide is a glycan that is post-translational added to a protein to target that protein to the proteosome for degradation. D.A signal peptide is a postranslational modification that adds a lipid to a protein to help anchor the protein to a cellular membrane.
For each amino acid incorporated into a polypeptide the cell has to invest three high-energy phosphates (ATP or GTP). At which step of the overall process is energy investment NOT required? What is the correct answer from below? Ester bond formation between a tRNA and an amino acid Release of an aminoacyl-tRNA into the A-site of a ribosome Translocation of a ribosome along an mRNA molecule Peptide bond formation between amino acids none of the above