The table shows concordance for height between monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs frombirth to the age of eight years. A concordance of 1 indicates that the twins are identical in height.Concordance for height betweenAgemonozygotic twin pairs dizygotic twin pairs of the samesexBirth3 months6 months12 months24 months30.620.790.780.720.800.670.660.540.860.890.930.56years5years0.940.518 years0.940.49(a) If height were entirely genetically controlled, what concordance would you expect betweenmonozygotic twin pairs? Explain your answer.(b) Does data for eight-year-old twins suggest that height is largely controlled by geneticfactors? Explain you answer.

A) The higher the concordance rate, the more similar pairs of persons are within a sample. When…

The table shows concordance for height between monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs from birth to the age of eight years. A concordance of 1 indicates that the twins are identical in height. Concordance for height between Age monozygotic twin pairs dizygotic twin pairs of the same sex Birth 3 months 6 months 12 months 24 months 0.62 0.79 0.78 0.72 0.80 0.67 0.86 0.89 0.66 0.54 years 0.93 0.56 5 years 0.94 0.51 8 years 0.94 0.49 (a) If height were entirely genetically controlled, what concordance would you expect between monozygotic twin pairs? Explain your answer. (b) Does data for eight-year-old twins suggest that height is largely controlled by genetic factors? Explain you answer.

The table shows concordance for height between monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs from birth to the age of eight years. A concordance of 1 indicates that the twins are identical in height. Concordance for height between Age monozygotic twin pairs dizygotic twin pairs of the same sex Birth 3 months 6 months 12 months 24 months 0.62 0.79 0.78 0.72 0.80 0.67 0.86 0.89 0.66 0.54 years 0.93 0.56 5 years 0.94 0.51 8 years 0.94 0.49 (a) If height were entirely genetically controlled, what concordance would you expect between monozygotic twin pairs? Explain your answer. (b) Does data for eight-year-old twins suggest that height is largely controlled by genetic factors? Explain you answer.

Nutrition Now

8th Edition

ISBN:9781337415408

Author:Brown

Publisher:Brown

Chapter30: Nutrition For The Growing Years: Childhood Through Adolescence

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2RQ

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

What is the expected genotype frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype under the Hardy-Weinberg equation P = 0.7? .49 .84 .42 0.09
A population of frogs consists of 1000 individuals of which 400 are red. Red is recessive to Green. What is the frequency of the dominant allele and the recessive allele in this population? What is the frequency of individuals with homozygous dominant phenotypes? Please answer and show all work, thank you!! :)
E13. An animal breeder had a herd of sheep with a mean weight of 254pounds at 3 years of age. He chose animals with a mean weight of281 pounds as parents for the next generation. When these offspringreached 3 years of age, their mean weight was 269 pounds.A. Calculate the narrow-sense heritability for weight in this herd.B. Using the heritability value that you calculated in part A, whatmean weight would you have to choose for the parents to getoffspring that weigh 275 pounds on average (at 3 years of age)?
Using the two equations, p + q = 1 and p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1, answer the following question A Hispanic-American couple wants to know their risk for having a child with cystic fibrosis. One parent has no family history of disease, but the other parent has a sibling with cystic fibrosis. Calculate the conditional probability that the couple has a child with cystic fibrosis.
Identical twins (also called monozygotic twins) are derived from a single egg fertilized by a single sperm, creating a zygote that later divides into two. Because identical twins originate from a single zygote, they are genetically identical. Caroline Loat and her colleagues examined nine measures of social, behavioral, and cognitive ability in 1000 pairs of identical male twins and 1000 pairs of identical female twins (C. S. Loat et al. 2004. Twin Research 7:54–61). They found that, for three of the measures (prosocial behavior, peer problems, and verbal ability), the two male twins of a pair tended to be more alike in their scores than were two female twins of a pair. Propose a possible explanation for this observation. What might this observation indicate about the location of genes that influence prosocial behavior, peer problems, and verbal ability?
A geneticist studies a series of characteristics in pairs of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, obtaining the concordances listed below. For each characteristic, indicate whether these concordances suggest genetic influences, environmental influences, or both. Explain your reasoning. Concordance (%) Characteristic Monozygotic Dizygotic Migraine headaches 60 30 Eye color 100 40 Measles 90 90 Club foot 30 10 High blood pressure 70 40 Handedness 70 70 Tuberculosis 5 5
If two Aa parents have a family of 4 children how many of the children do you predict will be albino 0____ 1_____ 2____ 3____ 4____
M. T. Tsuang and colleagues studied drug dependence in male twin pairs (M. T. Tsuang et al. 1996. American Journal of Medical Genetics 67:473–477). They found that 82 out of 313 monozygotic twin pairs were concordant for abuse of one or more illicit drugs, whereas 40 out of 243 dizygotic twin pairs were concordant for the same trait. Calculate the concordances for drug abuse in these monozygotic and dizygotic twins. On the basis of these data, what conclusion can you draw concerning the roles of genetic and environmental factors in drug abuse?
Hartnup disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of intestinal and renal transport of amino acids. The frequency of affected newborn infants is about 1 in 14,000. Assuming random mating, what is the frequency of heterozygotes? Provide summation
A genetics researcher determines that the broad-sense heritability of height among Southwestern University undergraduate students is 0.90. Which of the following conclusions would be reasonable? Explain your answer. a. Sally is a Southwestern University undergraduate student, so 10% of her height is determined by nongenetic factors. b. Ninety percent of variation in height among all undergraduate students in the United States is due to genetic differences. c. Ninety percent of the height of Southwestern University undergraduate students is determined by genes. d. Ten percent of the variation in height among Southwestern University undergraduate students is determined by variation in nongenetic factors. e. Because the heritability of height among Southwestern University students is so high, any change in the students’ environment will have minimal effect on their height.
List any phenotypes (e.g., physical or behavioral) that might differ between the average person who is a twin and the average person who is a singleton. Explain your answer (provide an external source, if possible). For most phenotypes, are twins representative of the general population? Why or why not? Do you think the experience of being an MZ twin is very different from being a DZ twin? In which ways?
Alkaptoneuria is a recessive genetic disorder found among North American populations at a frequency of about 1 in 500,000 births. How frequently would you expect this defect to be expressed among children of second cousin marriages? F=1/64