Serotonin (5-HT) abnormalities has been implicated as a possible biological factor underlying anxiety due to its ability to inhibit Serotonin Cells Hippocampus Periaqueductal gray matter Periventricular Amygdala from threats while it can also mediate
Q: Parkinson’s disease is a caused by the degeneration of neurons that release ________. a. serotonin…
A: Parkinson's disease (PD) is distinguished by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons.
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A: The autonomic nervous system is present on the preganglionic neuron of the CNS and autonomic ganglia…
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A: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disease which is caused by improper working of neurochemicals like…
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A: The nicotinic receptor is a channel protein that, upon binding by acetylcholine, opens to allow…
Q: Chemical transmitters in basal ganglia include all the following, except :-a- GABAb- Dopaminec-…
A: Chemical transmitters are also called neurotransmitters. These are the group of chemical agents and…
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A: Statement (a) GABA activity will be enhanced by tranquilizers is true. Tranquilizers are the drugs…
Q: Which kind of drug would have anti-anxiety effects?a. nicotinic agonistb. anticholinergicc.…
A: A drug is any substance that causes a change in an organism physiology or psychology when consumed.…
Q: Most parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are found in the________ nerve.
A: BASIC INFORMATION NERVOUS SYSTEM :- It is of two types namely Central nervous system (CNS) and…
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A: The adrenoceptors or the adrenergic receptors refers to a class of G-protein coupled receptors,…
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A: The chemical messengers of the body are typically referred to as neurotransmitters. They are the…
Q: In the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system, there are two cholinergic synapses…
A: Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is associated with the autonomic nervous system. This…
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A: The major three pathways included in general sympathetic pathway: preganglionic. ganglionic.…
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A: A neurotransmitter receptor is a class of receptors that specifically binds with neurotransmitters…
Q: Serotonin is a neurotransmitter involved in the control of mood. Based on this description, predict…
A: Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter. It act as a mood regulator and stabilizer.
Q: Which of the following is not a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system? O dopamine O…
A: Dopamine: it is an organic chemical, it functions as a neurotransmitter(chemical messenger) in the…
Q: In some cases, people who suffer from depression can be prescribed a serotonin re-uptake inhibitor…
A: Serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the commonly used antidepressants, which mainly helps to overcome…
Q: An action potential signals the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic neuron. It binds the…
A: An action potential signals the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic neuron. It binds the…
Q: In some cases of ADD (attention deficit disorder) the impulsive, erratic behavior can be normalized…
A: Introduction: Attention deficit disorder is a neurological disorder that includes symptoms like…
Q: 52. The major structures of the mesolimbocortical dopamine pathway include: Group of answer choices…
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Q: Briefly discuss the impact of acetylcholine and dopamine on the brain
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A: Several neurological medical conditions manifest with hypo frontality
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Q: In the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system, there are two cholinergic synapses…
A: The central nervous system (CNS) communicates with the different parts of the body by means of…
Q: The striatum is a structure within the basal ganglia. The striatum is comprised mostly of medium…
A: The striatum, consisting of the ventrally located nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dorsal caudate putamen…
Q: Neuronal integration refers to the ability of neurons to respond to the combined effect of several…
A: Neuronal integration is a process which resolves the electrochemical balancing of competing and…
Q: The possible role of glutamatergic pathways in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia has been…
A: In schizophrenia dopamine release is impaired. It means in schizophrenic patients the level of…
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A: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder most commonly found in…
Q: Neurotransmitter patterns associated with depression include: O Decreased serotonin and elevated…
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A: Insomnia is a sleep disorder caused due to stress, anxiety, mental illness or neurological problem.…
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A: Nicotine is a chiral alkaloid that is produced naturally in the night shade family of plants.
Q: Briefly describe our brain's mesolimbic dopamine system. (A) Which brain structures are involved…
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Q: Ordinarily, patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (who have damage to dopamine-releasing axons)…
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Q: Which of the statements about neurotransmitters given below is incorrect? а. Orexin-producing cells…
A: Neurotransmitters are biochemical agents or messengers produced by the nervous system that…
Q: antipsychotic drugs
A: Schizophrenia is a type of mental disorder. The patient can not define the reality. It affects the…
Q: All the following regarding sympathetic nervous system are true except: It is involved in stress &…
A: Autonomic nervous system is involved in the regulation of involuntary functions and are involved in…
Q: The parasympathetic postganglionic neurons are cholinergic, but the sympathetic postganglionic…
A: Introduction :- Neurotransmitters are frequently referred to as the chemical messengers of the body.…
Q: Which neurotransmitter is NOT a monoamine? Select one: O a. Dopamine O b. Serotonin Oc. Epinephrine…
A: 41.Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers which are involved in the relay of the chemical…
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Q: The drug lithium carbonate has been shown to be an effective treatment for anxiety disorders. True…
A: An anxiety disorder is more than temporary worry or fear. Panic disorder, phobia related disorder…
Q: The thalamus has been described as a “switchboard.” Explain why, by describing the pathway of…
A: 1. Ans. The thalamus is a small structure within the brain located just above the brain stem between…
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- Ordinarily, patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (who have damage to dopamine-releasing axons) move very slowly if at all. However, during an emergency (e.g., a fire in the building), they may move rapidly and vigorously. Suggest a possible explanation.The possible role of glutamatergic pathways in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia has been highlighted in recent years. Specifically, there has been talk of possible glutamatergic hyperfunction. How would this hyperfunction affect the dopaminergic pathways?Discuss what we know about both of the two main hypotheses (potential targets) for the origin of schizophrenia. LTP is the part of the learning process by which our synapses are strengthened. Using the example of hippocampal circuitry (LP can happen elsewhere in the brain), 1) draw and label the hippocampal circuitry, indicating the direction of the signaling, 2) describe the conditions required for LTP, and 3) draw a graph to show how EPSP magnitude is affected and explain what the long term implications are.
- Typical antipsychotic drugs exert their therapeutic effects on the positive symptoms of schizophrenia by which of the following mechanisms? Question 49 options: a) Blocking the reuptake of dopamine, increasing the amount of dopamine in the synapse b) Stimulating dopamine D1 receptors in the prefrontal cortex c) Binding to dopamine D2 receptors and inhibiting dopamine signalling d) Decreasing the production of dopamine in the basal gangliaHow can 5-HT2a activation be linked to dream-like experiences and hallucinations, but serotonin is low during REM sleep? Is it that although serotonin is low, of what is activated is the 5-HT2a receptor?In some cases of ADD (attention deficit disorder) the impulsive, erratic behavior can be normalized with drugs that stimulate the central nervous system. Explain this finding in terms of neurotransmitter activity in the brain.
- Which of the following is true in regards to dopamine activity in the basal ganglia? (Select all that apply) Question 7 options: A) D1 receptors are coupled to the Gs subunit B) D2 receptors inhibit the indirect pathway C) D2 receptors are coupled to the Gi subunit D) D1 receptors activate the direct pathwayChemical transmitters in basal ganglia include all the following, except :-a- GABAb- Dopaminec- Glutamated- GlycineAnxiety disorders may be treated using the medication lithium carbonate. Which of the following statements is correct?
- What is the role of oxidate stress in the development of Parkinson's disease? Oxidative stress plays an important role in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. The disruptions in the physiologic maintenance of redox protection in neurons interfere with the process, which ends up leading to cell death?Phenytoin (sodium channel blocker) and ethosuximide (calcium channel blocker) are anti-seizure drugs that stop seizures from happening. These drugs work by inhibiting electrical impulses (action potentials) from occurring. Explain the importance of sodium and calcium channels on a neuron and and the reasons why action potentials do not occur when these channels are inhibited. Be sure to include the phases of an action potential, the channels involved, and the importance of an action potential. Thank youPhenytoin (sodium channel blocker) and ethosuximide (calcium channel blocker) are anti-seizure drugs that stop seizures from happening. These drugs work by inhibiting electrical impulses (action potentials) from occurring. Explain the importance of sodium and calcium channels on a neuron and the reasons why action potentials do not occur when these channels are inhibited. Thank you
