Smart Watch Company reported the following income statement data for a 2-year period. 2016 2017 Sales revenue $220,000 $250,000 Cost of goods sold Beginning inventory 32,000 44,000 Cost of goods purchased 173,000 202,000 Cost of goods available for sale 205,000 246,000 Ending inventory 44,000 52,000 Cost of goods sold 161,000 194,000 Gross profit $ 59,000 $ 56,000 Smart uses a periodic inventory system. The inventories on January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, are correct. However, the ending inventory on December 31, 2016, was overstated $6,000. Instructions a. Prepare correct income statement data for the 2 years. b. What is the cumulative effect of the inventory error on total gross profit for the 2 years? c. Explain in a letter to the president of Smart Watch Company what has happened, i.e., the nature of the error and its effect on the financial statements.
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
|
|
2016 |
2017 |
|
Sales revenue |
$220,000 |
$250,000 |
|
Cost of goods sold |
|
|
|
Beginning inventory |
32,000 |
44,000 |
|
Cost of goods purchased |
173,000 |
202,000 |
|
Cost of goods available for sale |
205,000 |
246,000 |
|
Ending inventory |
44,000 |
52,000 |
|
Cost of goods sold |
161,000 |
194,000 |
|
Gross profit |
$ 59,000 |
$ 56,000
|
Smart uses a periodic inventory system. The inventories on January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, are correct. However, the ending inventory on December 31, 2016, was overstated $6,000.
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