Someone catches you trying to steal his dinner. He starts chasing you with knife and fork while yelling very bad words. Given this senatio, what would be expected as you run in horror from him? most blood vessels dilate constricted airways decreased digestion decreased sweat production
Someone catches you trying to steal his dinner. He starts chasing you with knife and fork while yelling very bad words. Given this senatio, what would be expected as you run in horror from him?
most blood vessels dilate
constricted airways
decreased digestion
decreased sweat production
All the actions performed in the body are controlled by the nervous system of the body. In humans, the nervous system contains two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The human central nervous system is mainly composed of the brain and the spinal cord. It regulates all the sensory and the motor working aspects of the body parts. It is connected to the sensory and motor nerves through the spinal cord and transmits the message to them by generation of electrical impulses by the neurons present in the brain. The electrical signals containing the information are transmitted through the body by spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system contains nerves which are responsible for connection of CNS to every other body part.
In cases of attacks, harmful events, threat to survival or stress to the human body, the fight-or-flight response, also called the acute stress response is activated in the body. The sympathetic nervous system is primarily responsible for activating or stimulating the flight-or-fight response of the body. The sympathetic nervous system is a part of the autonomic nervous system of PNS.
Whenever the body perceives a threat to survival, the sympathetic nervous system is activated which in turn alters the physiological reaction in the body in response to the threat. The activation of sympathetic nervous system triggers the adrenal medulla to release catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, which in turn alters the various physiological functions. Different organs of the body are differently stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system to produce desired physiological reaction in flight-or-fight response. The varied physiological reaction observed upon activation of sympathetic nervous system includes: increased heart rate; increased breath rate and dilation of bronchioles; dilation of pupils; increased blood flow to muscles; increased metabolism of sugar and fats to supply body with extra energy; vasoconstriction of most blood vessels present in the skin, the digestive tract, and the kidneys; increased renin secretion in kidneys; activation of sweat secretion; and inhibition of peristalsis in GI tract to slow down digestion.
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