Species A experiences a mutation that produces a favorable allele to avoid predation by species B. In turn, species B experiences a mutation that helps it to counter the 'predator avoidance' allele that appeared in species A. What term best describes this situation?
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Species A experiences a mutation that produces a favorable allele to avoid predation by species B. In turn, species B experiences a mutation that helps it to counter the 'predator avoidance' allele that appeared in species A. What term best describes this situation?
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- If a geographic barrier is removed and the two reunited populations intermingle and breed, what attributes must the offspring have in order for the two populations, according to the biological species concept, to be considered still the same species?If all the blue dots represent FST values between one species in the Americas and one species in Oceania, does this pattern of genetic similarity on the graph suggest that Native Americans and the people of Oceania followed very different migration routes? Why or why not?Some females seem to prefer the blue color and some females seem to prefer yellow color. If this a diversifying/ disruptive selection, how could diversifying/disruptive selection result in sympatric speciation in this example?
- Which of the following statements is false? a. Gradual speciation is most likely to occur in a large population that lives in a stable climate. b. Punctuated equilibrium is unlikely to occur in a large population that lives in a stable climate. c. Gradual speciation and punctuated equilibrium both result in the divergence of species. d. Gradual speciation is most likely to occur in a small population that experiences a rapid change in its environment.How does the soapberry bug differ in Central Florida from the ones found in South Florida? What do you think caused these changes? Why? Is there an agent for selection?Scientists are studying two populations of the same species of sea turtle. One population is quite small, with only 18 individuals, and the other is much larger, with 147 individuals. If a genetic factor such as a mutation were introduced to both populations at the same time, what could scientists predict about the impact?
- What is an example of how migration causes changes in gene frequencies? Genetic material can become lost over time due to lack of reproduction when animals migrate. When animals migrate, their genes mutate on their own, changing the frequency that a gene allele shows up. When animals migrate, the mating becomes less random, causing inbreeding and, therefore, shifts in the proportion of alleles. Seeds of plants are carried to different locations and introduced to a new population, adding their own genetic material and, therefore, changing gene frequencies.A species that has a high rate of long-distance dispersal is more likely to colonize new habitat. But that species may also be less likely to adapt to local conditions, because migration will be stronger than local selection pressures for many loci. In light of those considerations, when do you expect that increasing dispersal might result in the evolution of a larger geographic range, and when might it not?Why do habitat preferences of species typically cause alpha diversity to be lower than gamma diversity?
- What is a ring species? Group of answer choices A. A connected series of neighboring populations that can interbreed with one another with one end population in the series that are two distantly related to interbreed and thus are separate species B. A connected series of neighboring populations that cannot interbreed with one another with at least two end populations in the series that are two distantly related to interbreed and thus are separate species C. None of the answers are correct D. A connected series of neighboring populations that can interbreed with one another with at least two end populations in the series that are two distantly related to interbreed and thus are separate speciesIn birds of paradise that populate tropical rainforest ecosystems, bright colored beaks and feathers are commonly found. These phenotypes continue to persist, even though brightly colored birds are more easily seen by predators. Which of the following would best describe the reason behind the persistence of these phenotypes in birds of paradise?Consider the graphic that is presented and depicts the end-point for the following scenario. At some point in the past, species A resided as a large population entirely within a rectangular geographical area. The population became divided into two isolated populations when, during a major earthquake, a mountain range arose and disrupted gene flow. Over time, the two new populations evolved independently from one another, yielding species B and C. The population comprising species C became divided into two isolated populations when another earthquake created an escarpment that disrupted gene flow. Over time, these two new populations evolved independently from one another, yielding species D and E.Imagine that you were to arrive to the region long after species D and E had evolved, completely oblivious to the scenario that is described above; survey the region for living species in this group; and conduct a cladistic analysis on those species. Assuming that the data that you were to…