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A:
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Summarize the signifi cance of the australopithecines in
the study of human evolution.
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- 1) Explain homology, list and explain the different types of homologies (also giveexamples)and why they provide evidence of common ancestry and explain thesignificance of homology to the use of animals (and other organisms) inbiomedicalresearch.Define the term australopithecine ?Explain how the broad evolutionary changes seen in the fossil recordare the cumulative result of speciation and extinction events.
- Summarize the evidence regarding the sum of evolutionariy modifications from the given putative ancestor form to the derived descendent. Demonstrate some competence and understanding in terms of the taxa involved(List at least three or four of the genera involved as examples) and the anatomical features that were modified over the generations. Fish to tetrapod, Ungulate to whale, ape-like primate to Homo sapiensWhat are the significant databthat we can obtain from grasping ideas from the connectuon of extinct organisms to the organisms in our present time?n of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree tion: Lizards in an evolutionary tree. Laylinn molinar Per 3_ In what environment is long leg length an advantage for a lizard? e) Why have anoles evolved different toe pads? 3) Does evolution happen quickly or slowly? Does it happen at the leve population? 4) Why is a change in dewlap considered an important step in the forma 5) What is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution?
- Which of the following is the most likely category to which this specimens belongs? *Hint: There are at least three clear indicators that you can observe in this specimen. -Anatomically Modern Human -Pre-australopith -Gracile Australopith -Neandertalensis -Robust Australopithecine -Early Genus HomoTo describe: The hypothesis supported by the new evidence that recently discovered fossil with characteristics features of modern humans in Africa.Recent reconstructions of evolutionary history are often dependenton assigning divergence in terms of changes in amino acid ornucleotide sequences. For example, a comparison of cytochromec shows 10 amino acid differences between humans and dogs,24 differences between humans and moths, and 38 differencesbetween humans and yeast. Such data provide no information asto the absolute times of divergence for humans, dogs, moths, andyeast. How might one calibrate the molecular clock to an absolutetime clock? What problems might one encounter in such acalibration?
- What type of reaction is depicted here? H H-C-OH H=C=CH H=C=CH H + 0. HO Ο. HO Ο HO Η Η Η Η I 1 1 1 C-C-C-C-C-H | I | Η Η I Η Η Η Η Η T Τ C-C Η Η ΤΙΤ C=C=C=C-H …..... Η Η Η Η Η Η Η Η Η Η Η IIIII C=C=C=C=C=C-H Τ H Η dehydration reaction hydrolysis reaction II Η Η Τ Η | Ο H I | H=C=O-C=C=C=C-C-H | Ο Η H=C=O=C=C | I I Η Η Η Η H Η Η Η ΤΤΙ T Η Τ ( | | Η Η Η Η Η Η I Η Τ Η Η Η Η ΤΙ T C=C=C=C-H IIII Ο Η Η Η Η Η | Τ.. H=C-0-C-C-C=C=C=C-H II Η Η + 3HOThis is a potential phylogenetic tree created by anthropologists at UC Berkeley.A-Ardipithecus ramidusB-Australopithecus anamensisC-Australopithecus afarensisD-Australopithecus africanusE-Paranthropus aethiopicusF-Paranthropus robustusG-Paranthropus boiseiH-Australopithecus garhiI-Homo rudolfensisJ-Homo habilusK-Homo ergasterL-Homo erectusM-Homo heidelbergensisN-Homo neanderthalensisO-Homo sapiens What kinds of evidence to you think anthropologists used to create this tree?WRITE ABOUT A THEME: Organization You have seenmany examples of how form fits function at all levels of thebiological hierarchy. However, we can imagine forms thatwould function better than some forms actually found innature. For example, if the wings of a bird were not formedfrom its forelimbs, such a hypothetical bird could fly yet alsohold objects with its forelimbs. In a short essay (100–150words), use the concept of “evolution as tinkering” to explainwhy there are limits to the functionality of forms in nature.