Suppose a relation is stored in a B+-tree file organization. Suppose secondaryindices store record identifiers that are pointers to records on disk.                                                      a. What would be the effect on the secondary indices if a node split happenedin the file organization?b. What would be the cost of updating all affected records in a secondaryindex?c. How does using the search key of the file organization as a logical recordidentifier solve this problem?d. What is the extra cost due to the use of such logical record identifiers?

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Parallel and Distributed Storage

A parallel storage file system is a sort of clustered file system. A clustered file system is a storage system shared by multiple devices simultaneously.