Suppose we are sure, because of previous studies, that species 1, 2, and 3 are more closely related to each other than to species 4 (outgroup). We sequence a gene and find ten nucleotide sites that differ among the four species. Draw the most parsimonious tree and label each evolutionary change on the tree (Position – new nucleotide; Example = 8T or 6C).    *The answer is below but I do not understand where the numbers or tick marks came from? Could someone explain. For example, why is the 1A on the 2?

Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Chapter13: Modern Understandings Of Inheritance
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Problem 13RQ: By definition, a pericentric inversion includes the ___________ . centromere chiasma telomere...
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Suppose we are sure, because of previous studies, that species 1, 2, and 3 are more closely related to each other than to species 4 (outgroup). We sequence a gene and find ten nucleotide sites that differ among the four species. Draw the most parsimonious tree and label each evolutionary change on the tree (Position – new nucleotide; Example = 8T or 6C). 

 

*The answer is below but I do not understand where the numbers or tick marks came from? Could someone explain. For example, why is the 1A on the 2?

Nucleotide 1
Species 1
Species 2
Species 3
Species 4 G
G
Table for only synapomorphy differences (not necessary for points)
1
2
3
3
21
CA
SC
G
ten
2
5
2
eig
с
T
T
с
7A
3
T
3
1
4
с
T
4
с
G
A
G
A
4
4
5
A
A
с
A
1
5
6
T
99 27
T
A
T
2
7
A
G
A
G
8
C
с
A
ACA
с
A
J
9
GGG
с
10
T
T
T
A
Transcribed Image Text:Nucleotide 1 Species 1 Species 2 Species 3 Species 4 G G Table for only synapomorphy differences (not necessary for points) 1 2 3 3 21 CA SC G ten 2 5 2 eig с T T с 7A 3 T 3 1 4 с T 4 с G A G A 4 4 5 A A с A 1 5 6 T 99 27 T A T 2 7 A G A G 8 C с A ACA с A J 9 GGG с 10 T T T A
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