) Suppose you see Citibank’s USD-denominated 5-year interest rate swap numbers quoted at 4.25% bid and 4.45% ask. Mary tells you that the relevant fixed-rate cash flow of the swap she just entered is 4.25%. Did Mary buy or sell the IRS she just entered? b) IF Mary (from a) is a speculator, is Mary betting on/forecasting a decline in interest rates or betting on/forecasting a rise in interest rates?
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a) Suppose you see Citibank’s USD-denominated 5-year interest rate swap numbers quoted at 4.25% bid and 4.45% ask. Mary tells you that the relevant fixed-rate cash flow of the swap she just entered is 4.25%. Did Mary buy or sell the IRS she just entered?
b) IF Mary (from a) is a speculator, is Mary betting on/
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- Explain in detail how a five year plain vanilla interest rate swap with a notional value of $1,000,000 and a price of 3% can be used: (Illustrate with diagrams) i) To speculate on changes in interest rates; ii) To s hedge against the risk of an increase in interest rates.Suppose you are working as a treasurer in Citibank and your bank has taken a PKR250 million loan. The interest on the loan is KIBOR+50bp paid semiannually. The duration of the loan is four years. As you will have to pay interest, you are worried that in the future interest rates are likely to increase and you want to hedge this position by entering into a Swap contract. You ask Bank Al-Habib whether they would be willing to enter into a swap agreement and they send you these semi-annual swap rates: Period Bank Pays Bank Receives 2 years 3.34 3.37 3 years 4.01 4.04 4 years 4.47 4.50 5 years 4.79 4.82 6 years 5.02 5.05 Consider the following questions: What is the company’s cost of funds?Suppose you borrow $10,000,000 in the interbank money market at a KLIBOR yield of 6% pa for a term of 1 month.Should you buy or sell a KLIBOR futures contract if you were to hedge against interest rate risks? explain
- Suppose a bank enters a repurchase agreement in which it agrees to buy Treasury securities from a correspondent bank at a price of $25,950,000, with the promise to buy them back at a price of $26,000,000. a. Calculate the yield on the repo if it has a 5-day maturity. b. Calculate the yield on the repo if it has a 15-day maturitSuppose that at the present time, one can enter 5-year swaps that exchange LIBOR for 5%. An off-market swap would then be defined as a swap of LIBOR for a fixed rate other than 5%. For example, a firm with 11% coupon debt outstanding might like to convert to synthetic floating-rate debt by entering a swap in which it pays LIBOR and receives a fixed rate of 11%. What up-front payment will be required to induce a counterparty to take the other side of this swap? Assume notional principal is $95 million. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answer to the nearest dollar amount.)You read in The Wall Street Journal that 30-day T-bills are currently yielding 4.7%. Your brother-in-law, a broker at Safe and Sound Securities, has given you the following estimates of current interest rate premiums: Inflation premium = 3.50% Liquidity premium = 1.0% Maturity risk premium = 1.85% Default risk premium = 2.60% On the basis of these data, what is the real risk-free rate of return? Round your answer to two decimal places.
- Suppose that at the present time, one can enter 5-year swaps that exchange LIBOR for 5%. An off-market swap would then be defined as a swap of LIBOR for a fixed rate other than 5%. For example, a firm with 7% coupon debt outstanding might like to convert to synthetic floating-rate debt by entering a swap in which it pays LIBOR and receives a fixed rate of 7%. What up-front payment will be required to induce a counterparty to take the other side of this swap? Assume notional principal is $10 million.Q1-13 If a speculator observes that the current 3-month forward rate on Swiss francs is 20¢ = 1 franc, but he/she expects that the spot rate in 3 months will be 30¢ = 1 franc, then this speculator would now a. buy dollars on the forward market. b. buy francs on the forward market. c. sell francs on the forward market. d. buy francs on the spot market and simultaneously sell francs on the 3-month forward market if the current spot rate is 25¢ = 1 franc.Consider two securities that pay risk-free cash flows over the next two years and that have the current market prices shown here: Security Price Today Cash Flow in One Year Cash Flow in Two Years B1 $192 $200 0 B2 $176 0 $200 What is the no-arbitrage price of a security that pays cash flows of $200 in one year and $200 in two years? What is the no-arbitrage price of a security that pays cash flows of $200 in one year and $1600 in two years? Suppose a security with cash flows of $100 in one year and $200 in two years is trading for a price of $260. What arbitrage opportunity is available?
- Suppose that the return on a U.K. treasury bill is eight percent annum and the return on a U.S. treasury bill is eight percent annum and that you had $1,000,000 earmarked for short term investment for a period of a month. In which of the securities would you place your money? (Assume you are not a speculator). Show your calculations. 1 British pound (spot) $1.7748 1 British pound (30-day futures) $1.77761. A farmer enters a contract to sell her produce at a fixed price in the future and the future market price turns out to be five times as high as the agreed fixed price. The farmer regrets entering into the futures contract. This is an example of efficient risk sharing. question: true or false? 2. Sam-Bankman Fried is the founder of crypto currency exchange FTX. He raised US$420 million from an array of major investors in October 2021. When he pitched to clients, he usually was dressed in a t-shirt. Question: What you wear is not taken into account by professional investors. True or False? 3. “Cooped up at home by stay-at-home orders during the anxious early days of the pandemic, many people used their newfound free time and stimulus checks to pick up a new hobby. Some turned to fitness or learning to play an instrument, while others found a rather unhealthy and risky new side hustle: day trading. Inspired by stupendous returns posted on Reddit’s WallStreetBets and TikTok by random…Suppose it is Jan 1st, and the futures price for August 1st delivery of a 1-year zero-coupon government T-bill is $96/$100FV. The size of one contract is for $1M face value If your bank goes long 20 contracts, is this a bet that interest rates are going to increase, or decrease? (type ‘increase’ or ‘decrease’) If your bank goes long 20 contracts, and the price of the August 1st future increases to $97, how much money is the bank up in this contract? The current $-Duration of a bank’s assets minus liabilities is 200M. If interest rates rise and the interest rate factor on all securities increases by 3%, how does the banks book value of equity change (in millions)? (note: a change which is a decrease would be a negative change)