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- Suppose the cost of machines increases to 55, while the cost of labor stays at 40. How would that affect the total cost of the three methods? Which method should the film choose now?Assume that a business firm finds that its profit is greatest when it produces $40 worth of product A. Suppose also that each of the three techniques shown in the following table will produce the desired output. a. With the resource prices shown, which technique will the firm choose? Why? Will production using that technique entail profit or loss? What will be the amount of that profit or loss? Will the industry expand or contract? When will that expansion or contraction end? b. Assume now that a new technique, technique 4, is developed. It combines 2 units of labor, 2 of land, 6 of capital, and 3 of entrepreneurial ability. In view of the resource prices in the table, will the firm adopt the new technique? Explain your answer. c. Suppose that an increase in the labor supply causes the price of labor to fall to $1.50 per unit, all other resource prices remaining unchanged. Which technique will the producer now choose? Explain. d. “The market system causes the economy to conserve most…A firm has two opportunities for a new plant location, one is in China and the other is inMexico. The firm's production function is given by q = L 0.5 K 0.5 , In China, the cost of laboris w=$15 and the cost of capital is r=$5. In Mexico, w=$10 and r=$10. The firm wants toproduce 100 units of output. Which location should the firm choose for their new plant?Explain why.Note: Please round the optimal amounts of capital and labor at each location to the nearest whole number when making your calculations.Hint: cost-minimization rule.
- Historically, the term while the term applies to the reduced direct-labor requirement per unit of output because of the effects of learning, refers to the longer-term factors of production that systematically reduce production costs. O experience curve....Boeing curve O learning curve.... infinity curve O None of these answers. O learning curve....experience curve O experience curve....learning curveAssume that a competitive economy can be described by a constant returns to scale, Cobb–Douglas, pro- duction function. Suppose that in this economy all factors of production are fully employed. Holding other factors constant, including the quantity of capital and technology, carefully explain how a one-time, 10-percent decrease in the quantity of labor will change labor’s share of total income?1.Explain how a firm uses resources price and value data to determine the appropriate combination of capital and labor resources to use in order to maximize profits. 2.how does this change when the firm want to produce a specific quantity of product with the least cost combination of resources? 3. if a software firm estimates that the MP of labor is 3 apps per month and the price is labor is $1100 per month, while the MP of capital is 5apps per month and its price is $2000, should the firm hire more labor and decrease its capital use or increase its use of capital and use fewer labor resources?
- 2. According to data from the Longitudinal Survey of Companies of 2017, labor productivity in Chile is higher, on average, in larger companies, being large companies (86.5 million pesos per workerper year) almost 6 times more productive than microenterprises (15 million pesos per worker per year). Does this observation necessarily contradictthe Law of Diminishing Returns? How could it be explained that workers are more productive in larger companies? 3. Boco has a very popular pastry shop in his neighborhood. To carry out his work, he hires two productive factors: kilos of flour (H) and hours of use of a mixing machine (M). Its production function is given by f (H, M) = [min (H, aM)] b with a greater than zero. Using this information, determine what kind of returns to scale the technology presents that Boco uses. 4. When all inputs have decreasing marginal productivities, then the production functions exhibit diminishing returns to scale. True or False. Justify your answer.Question 1) a) According to economic theory, the difference between the long run and the short run is: O. not relevant for executive decision makers. O. about two years. O. about two months. O. the ability for a firm to vary all resources. O. strictly theoretical so that in practice there is no difference between them. b) From a social viewpoint, when price = marginal cost: O. the economy as a whole would be better off if less was produced. O. firms would be better off by producing less. O. the consumers would be better by consuming less. O. the economic efficiency would be attained as a whole. O. the economy as a whole would be better off if more was produced.Specify and explain the typical shapes of marginal-benefit and marginal-cost curves. How are these curves used to determine the optimal allocation of resources to a particular product? If current output is such that marginal cost exceeds marginal benefit, should more or fewer resources be allocated to this product? Explain.
- Consider two competitive economies that have the same quantities of labor and capital (K=L), and the same technology. The economies of the countries are described by the following Cobb–Douglas production func- tions: North Economy: Y = AK^0.7 L^0.3 South Economy: Y = AK^0.3 L^0.7 Compare the total production in these two countries and explain your answer. In which economy is the marginal product of labor larger? Explain your answer. In which economy is the labor’s share of income higher? Explain your answer. If half of workers (L) in North immigrated to South, explain how would total output, marginal produc- tivity of labor, and labor’s share of income in the two economies change?Assume that a business firm finds that its profit is greatest when it produces $40 worth of product A. Suppose also that each of the three techniques shown in the table below will produce the desired output:a. With the resource prices shown, which technique will the firm choose? Why? Will production using that technique entail profifit or loss? What will be the amount of that profifit or loss? Will the industry expand or contract? When will that expansion or contraction end?b. Assume now that a new technique, technique 4, is developed. It combines 2 units of labor, 2 of land, 6 of capital, and 3 of entrepreneurial ability. In view of the resource prices in the table, will the fifi rm adopt the new technique? Explain your answer.c. Suppose that an increase in the labor supply causes the price of labor to fall to $1.50 per unit, all other resource prices remaining unchanged. Which technique will the producer now choose? Explain.d. “The market system causes the economy to conserve most in…hy does a measure of labor productivity—the output produced per worker– rise for many firms during recessions? During the boom years period of 2005through November 2007, the annual average output per worker was lower in U.S.manufacturing than during the Great Recession of 2007–2009 as well during therelatively low-demand years since then through 2013.Firms produce less output during recessions as demand for their products falls.Consequently, firms typically lay off workers during recessions. Thus, whetheroutput per worker rises or falls depends on whether output or employment fallsby more. The labor productivity pattern over the business cycle differs across in-dustries. If we know about a firm’s production process, can we predict whetheroutput produced per worker will rise or fall with each additional layoff?