Temperature (°C) Vapor pressure (Pa) Saturation vapor density (g/m³) 60 1.99 x 10' 130 70 3.12 x 104 197 80 4.73 x 10' 294 90 7.01 x 104 418 95 8.59 x 10' 505 100 1.01 x 105 598 120 1.99 x 105 1095 150 4.76 x 10' 2430 200 1.55 x 106 7090 220 2.32 x 10° 10200
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The boiling point of water can change significantly with altitude, as the following table shows.
What is the atmospheric pressure, in pascals, at the top of Mt. Everest on a day when water boils there at a temperature of 70.0°C?
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- The law of atmospheres states that the number density of molecules in the atmosphere depends on height y above sea level according to nV(y)=n0en0gy/kaT where n0 is the number density at sea level (where y = 0). The average height of a molecule in the Earths atmosphere is given by yavg=0ynV(y)dy0nV(y)dy=0yen0gy/kaTdy0en0gy/kaTdy (a) Prove that this average height is equal to kBT/m0g. (b) Evaluate the average height, assuming the temperature is 10.0C and the molecular mass is 28.9 u, both uniform throughout the atmosphere.In cold weather, you can sometimes "see" your breath. What you are seeing is a mist of small water droplets, the same as in clouds and fog. Suppose air leaves your mouth with temperature 35°C and humidity 0.035 kg/m3 and mixes with an equal amount of air at 5°C. and humidity 0.005 kg/m3 What is the relative humidity of the mixed air if its temperature and humidity equal the averages of those of the two original air masses? Represent what happens by plotting three points in a graph like Figure 5.34.17. Which of the following three statements concerning relative humidity values of 30% and 40% are true? Note that when the relative humidityis 30%, the air temperature may be diff erent than it is when the relativehumidity is 40%. A. It is possible that at a relative humidity of 30% there is a smaller partial pressure of water vapor in the air than there is at a relativehumidity of 40%.B. It is possible that there is the same partial pressure of water vapor in the air at 30% and at 40% relative humidity. C. It is possible that at a relative humidity of 30% there is a greater partial pressure of water vapor in the air than there is at a relative humidity of 40%.(a) A, B, and C (b) Only A and B (c) Only A and C (d) Only B and C(e) Only A
- 6. At an altitude of 160 km, the density of air is 1.5 * 10 ^ - 9; kg / (m ^ 3) and the temperature is approximately 500 K. What is the pressure ?31 - In a place where the pressure is 102 kPa and the temperature is 33ºC, the mouth of an empty 27-liter bottle is opened and filled with air. What is the mass of the air filled into the bottle? a) 0.0407 kg B) 0.0229 kg NS) 0.0026 kg D) 0.0019 kg TO) 0.0314 kgThe table given shows the vapor pressure of water at 20.0ºC as 2.33×103 Pa. Use the ideal gas law to calculate the density of water vapor in g /m3 that would create a partial pressure equal to this vapor pressure. Compare the result with the saturation vapor density given in the table.
- An air bubble has a volume of 1.50 cm3 when it is released by a submarine 1.00 x 102 m below the surface of a lake. What is the volume of the bubble when it reaches the surface? Assume the temperature and the number of air molecules in the bubble remain constant during its ascent.1. Variations in temperature and resulting changes in pressure are the main drivers of motion in the atmosphere. True or False 2. If a gas is held at a constant temperature but forced to occupy a smaller volume, the pressure of the gas increases. True or False 3. Air pressure is measured with an instrument called a decometer. True or False1) As the cork begins to move, what happens to the air inside the bottle? (Select all that apply.) a)The air pressure inside remains the same. b)The volume of the air inside decreases. c)The volume of the air inside remains the same. d)The volume of the air inside increases. e)The air pressure inside increases. f)The air pressure inside decreases. 2) A beachcomber finds a corked bottle containing a message. The air in the bottle is at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 30.3°C. The cork has a cross-sectional area of 2.10 cm2. The beachcomber places the bottle over a fire, figuring that the increased pressure will push out the cork. At a temperature of 99°C the cork is ejected from the bottle. (a) What was the pressure in the bottle just before the cork left it?(b) What force of friction held the cork in place? Neglect any change in the volume of the bottle. 3) A tire contains air at a gauge pressure of 5.17 104 Pa at a temperature of 25.0°C. After nightfall, the temperature…
- An air bubble has a volume of 1.70 cm3 when it is released by a submarine 115 m below the surface of a lake. What is the volume of the bubble when it reaches the surface? Assume the temperature and the number of air molecules in the bubble remain constant during its ascent. ?cm3Air in human lungs has a temperature of 37.0ºC and a saturation vapor density of 44.0 g/m3 . (a) If 2.00 L of air is exhaled and very dry air inhaled, what is the maximum loss of water vapor by the person? (b) Calculate the partial pressure of water vapor having this density, and compare it with the vapor pressure of 6.31×103 N/m2.The temperature of the air in thermals decreases about 10°C for each 1,000 m they rise. If a thermal leaves the ground with a temperature of 35°C and a relative humidity of 77 percent, at what altitude will the air become saturated and the water vapor begin to condense to form a cloud? (In other words, at what altitude does the temperature equal the dew point?)__________ m
