The concentration of sodium is 15x higher outside the cell, whereas potassium is 28x higher inside the cell. How is this ion concentration maintained? Sodium/potassium pump Potassium channel Sodium channel GTP hydrolysis Both sodium and potassium channels

The concentration of sodium is 15x higher outside the cell, whereas potassium is 28x higher inside the cell. How is this ion concentration maintained? Sodium/potassium pump Potassium channel Sodium channel GTP hydrolysis Both sodium and potassium channels

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter13: The Nervous System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5SQ: The accelerating flow of _______ ions through gated channels across the membrane triggers an action...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: Which of the following channels would open with a rise in H+ concentration outside of cells. NMDA…

A: Channels are pores within a lipid bilayer which can be formed by the proteins complexes that run…

Q: Which of the following is important in active transport of ions in neurons? membrane channels…

A: Active transport is the movement of molecules from a region of low concentration to a region of high…

Q: The above depolarization of a neuron will result in which of the following ionic currents? a…

A: Action potential or an electrical impulse is another name for a nerve impulse. In contrast to a…

Q: When Na+ channels in hair cells open ______. Na+ diffuses into the cells Na+ diffuses out of the…

A: Hair cells do not themselves generate action potentials since they lack the requisite…

Q: At resting state the interior of the cell is more ______________ than the outside When…

A: The distinction in the electrical potential between within a cell and the outside of a cell help to…

Q: Action potentials are changes in membrane potential that are localized to a small area of the plasma…

A: Answer : Movements potential travels alongside a neuronal axon: The action capability is pushed…

Q: Imagine that a neuron has 5X higher sodium outside than inside and 10X higher potassium inside than…

A: The movement of the cell constituents inside and outside of the cell is mediated by selectively…

Q: Veratridine, batrachotoxin, and Aconitine causes persistent activation of sodium channel persistent…

A: Veratridin, Batrachotoxin, and aconitine all mentioned compounds are alkaline neurotoxin.

Q: Use the energy of ATP to maintain these K+ and Na+ gradients across the plasma membrane 000…

A: The movement of molecules from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration…

Q: Which of the following describes the movement of the correct ion in the falling phase of the action…

Q: At the axon terminus, gates for a new ion open. What is the ion and which direction does it flow…

A: Action potential generates when the neurons want to pass the information along the body from its…

Q: This type of signal involves the movement of ions across the plasma membranes: graded potentials…

A: Cell connections link directly to the cytoplasm of neighboring cells. When cytosolic chemicals can…

Q: Match the parts of a neuron with their functions Group of answer choices Cell body Axon…

A: The neuron is the brain's fundamental working organ, a specialized cell that transmits information…

Q: You apply a drug to a batch of neurons and record membrane potential changes in the presynaptic and…

A: Ans: Chloride (Cl- )

Q: Substances that mediate and amplifies signals inside the cell called __________ (H) __________

A: Signal amplification means when the original signal is conveyed it is in Lower frequency and when it…

Q: The above depolarization of a neuron will result in which of the following ionic currents? a…

A: Electrical signals regulate the contraction of muscle, secretion of hormones, sensation of the…

Q: fill in the blank The repolarization phase of action potentials in neurons is due primarily to…

A: An action potential can be defined as a transitory and propagating change of the resting membrane…

Q: Which of the following is a correct functional match for CGMP? A Opens calcium ion channels Smooth…

A: B-Smooth muscle relaxation cGMP is a typical controller of particle channel conductance,…

Q: Which of the following positively-charged ions is about 15 times more concentrated outside of the…

A: Action potential generates when the neurons want to pass the information along the body from its…

Q: A post-synaptic cell responds to an incoming signal by opening chloride gates. What will be the…

A: The synapses are the neuronal connections in the nervous system. The synaptic junction allows the…

Q: The resting potential of most cells is most dependent concentration gradient of: on the…

A: Answer - potassium The resting potential membrane is determined by Potassium-ion gradient.

Q: In the figure below, assume each vesicle represents many vesicles. From which of the three axon 2.…

A: In A, there are 4 transporters and 2 neurotransmitters have touched the pre-synaptic membrane of the…

Q: An electroencephalogram snowS the recording electrical activity of postsynaptic neurons involved…

A: The brain is the organ of the central nervous system (CNS).

Q: Which of the following statements about neurons is FALSE? Efferent neurons carry signals away from…

A: Neurons are cells of the nervous system. They pass impulses to and from the brain in order to…

Q: An action potential is shown below. At 1 what point in the graph are there lots of sodium ion…

A: Action potentials are a temporary shift (from negative to positive) in the neuron’s membrane…

Q: Which of the following takes place during phase N? +30 M K -55 -70 Time Potassium ions move out of…

A: Neurones communicate with each other via brief electrical signals known as action potentials. There…

Q: Which of the following best describes structure 5? 1 2 4. 7 Functions include protecting and…

A: Neurons are the cells that help to transfer the impulse and senses from one organ to another organ.…

Q: At rest, a neuron has a lower concentration of sodium than the surrounding fluid. When a neuron…

A: The nervous system is highly complex among different organ systems in animals. By transmitting…

Q: Hydrophobic signals after binding to the cell-surface receptors activate downstream signal…

A: Introduction: Cells do not work independently but continuously communicate with each other by…

Q: What is responsible for action potentials propagating in one direction? The inactivation of voltage…

A: Action potential generates when the neurons want to pass the information along the body from its…

Q: Which of the following best describes structure 7? 1 2 5 7 Receive signals from other cells O Type…

A: The neuron is considered the basic functional unit of the nervous system, as they play a significant…

Q: Sodium (Na*) and Potassium (K+) are equally distributed across the neuronal membrane at resting…

A: BASIC INFORMATION NEURON It is the longest cell inside the human body It is found in the brain…

Q: The figure illustrates changes in membrane potential during an action potential. The action…

A: The graph represent the stages of conduction of nerve and the change in membrane potential of the…

Q: How does a postsynaptic cell undergo long-term potentiation or depression? •The receptors can be…

A: Answer : a postsynaptic cell undergo long-term potentiation or depression is : The receptors can…

Q: Choose two false statements and explain why? Toxin causes voltage-gated sodium channels to open at a…

A: The toxins present in our body affects the activity of channels present inside the membrane .

Q: At rest, a neuron has a lower concentration of sodium than the surrounding fluid. When a neuron…

A: All capacities performed by the sensory system—from a basic engine reflex to further developed…

Q: A very high amount of 1 2 channels to open. There ions and calcium ions, as well as an efflux of 4…

A: Nerve impulses are transmitted through the neurons. The electrical charge distribution across the…

Q: You apply a new drug to a different batch of neurons and record membrane potential changes in the…

A: Permeability barrier and semi permeability of cell membrane are both maintained by lipids. only…

Q: What happens to sodium channels and potassium channels during depolarization of a neuron? both…

A: According to the guidelines we have to answer the first question only. so please kindly post the…

Q: What is this figure showing (overall first)? What is happening at each step? How are the little…

A: The neurons are the cells of the nervous system that are responsible for the generation and…

Q: Which of the following will you consider as having the highest potency? A Neuronal progenitor cell B…

A: Totipotency is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in…

Q: Which ion channel is open at phase K? M N K - -55 -70 Time Voltage-gated ion channel specific to…

A: The graph represents the phases of action potential . Action potential is the change in the membrane…

Q: What is a synaptic vesicle? It is a membrane-bound package of neurotransmitters located in the…

A: The synaptic vesicles store various neurotransmitters that are released at the synapse. The release…

Q: What is the major determinant of the permeability of a membrane to a specific ion? Concentration of…

A: The specialized structure that is found surrounding the cell and protecting the internal environment…

Q: Repolarization occurs because Multiple Choice more sodium ions diffuse into the cell than potassium…

A: At the resting stage, the Na+ and K+ channels remain closed.

Q: The diagram below indicates different ion concentrations from the inside to the outside of a neuron…

A: The electrical activity of the neuron is generated by the differential concentration of specific…

Q: Some have compared the "all or none" action potential to flushing a toilet. The relative refractory…

A: The all-or-none law is a principle that states, there will either be a full response or there will…

Q: During an Action Potential….. _____ Na+ flows out of the cell _____ Na+ activation gates and…

A: Action potential refers to the rapid changes in membrane potential of mostly excitable cells (nerve,…

Q: The voltage produced by a single nerve or muscle cell is quite small, but there are many species of…

A: An action potential was generated by the surface of posterior innervated, when a motor neuron…

Q: A very high amount of would then be an influx of 2 channels to open. There 3ions and calcium ions,…

A: Introduction Electrochemical Messages Are Sent By Neurons. Chemicals Create An Electrical Signal In…

Concept explainers

Environmental health and hazards

An organism's environment is the environment in which it lives and has an impact on its well-being. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines environmental health as "those aspects of public health, such as quality of life, that are influenced by physical, chemical, biological, social, and psychosocial components in the environment." Environmental health is concerned with both natural and man-made settings in order to enhance public health. Environmental science, occupational medicine, toxicology, and epidemiology are the key subdisciplines of environmental health.

Question

please help

The concentration of sodium is 15x higher outside the cell, whereas potassium is 28x higher
inside the cell. How is this ion concentration maintained?
Sodium/potassium pump
Potassium channel
Sodium channel
GTP hydrolysis
Both sodium and potassium channels

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Why is the resting membrane potential negative? Shouldn't it be positive as cells move in and out positive ions
The most important diffusible ion in the establishment of the membrane potential is a. K+. b. Na+. c. Ca2+. d. Cl−.
Which of the following is important in active transport of ions in neurons? membrane channels membrane pumps membrane enzymes gated-channels
Which of the following ion movements would be expected to produce an IPSP? Opening a calcium channel Opening a potassium channel Simultaneous opening of a chloride channel and a sodium channel Opening a sodium channel
Which of the following is the correct statement regarding ion channels? Physical deformation of the membrane cannot open ion channels Ligand-gating means that an ion binds to the channel, which stimulates its opening. If the channel pore was the right size, Na and K could both pass through because they have the same charge A voltage gated Na channel can open to allow Na movement against its electrochemical gradient
The figure shows the effect of an acidic pH (6.0) on conductance in bare mole rat neurons. Based on this figure, which of the following are affected by pH: channel’s ability to let ions through, channel activation, channel inactivation? (More than one of these might be affected.)
A cell biologist is performing an experiment using the voltage clamp method in which they are allowed to change the voltage in the membrane potential. They are wanting to record potassium currents and notice that for a certain membrane potential range, the voltage clamp highlights that there is an inward current of potassium. Would these readings make sense?
Describe the contribution of each of the following to the establishment and maintenance of membrane potential: Part A Na+K+ Pump Passive movement of K+ across the membrane Passive movement of Na+ across the membrane
Which of these ions is actively transported through the cell membrane to re-establish a resting potential? K and Mg Na and K Mg and Cl Ca and Cl
In an excitable cell at rest, we expect to find ______ ions effluxing out of the cell through leak channels in the plasma membrane to establish a negative resting membrane potential. Calcium Chloride Sodium Magnesium Potassium
Which of the following is ther eason why the potassium leaves the cell readily at the peak of the action potential?A) The sodium-potassium pumps work hard to return potassium to the extracellular fluid. B) Diffusion will continue to push potassium into the cell, but electrostatic pressure will move potassium out of the cell. C) Diffusion will push potassium out of the cell, but electrostatic pressure continues to attract potassium to the interior of the cell. D) Both diffusion and electrostatic pressure will cause potassium to exit the cell.
A sodium channel in a nerve membrane a)Inactivation gate closes when the membrane reaches ~+30 mV. b)Opens and closes quickly. c)Activation gate opens when the membrane reaches threshold voltage. d)'Resets' when the membrane reaches resting potential .