The Continental Drift HypothesisA. Pangaea1. The German scientiststudied whether Earth'scontinents move.2. Wegener proposed that all continents were once part of a single supercontinentcalleda. Over time, Pangaea started breaking apart, and the continents startedto where they are now.b. The hypothesis that suggests that continents are in constant motion on Earth'ssurface is3. Wegener observed the similärities of coastlines between contlinents that wereseparated by4. The continents that once formed Pangaea have coasts that fit together like plecesof a(n)B. Evidence That Continents Move1.of äncient plants and animals provide evidence forcontinental drift.2. Remains of the same plants and ånimals are present on differehtthat are now separated by oceans.3. Fossils of plants and animals that lived in wet, warm climates are in areas thatnow haveclimates.4. Deposits of.drift. The fossilized plants in these deposits show that Antarctica was once nearin Antarctica are evidence of continentalthe5. Wegener proposed that certain continents-including South America andAustralia-were closer to the250 million years ago.a. Wegener suggested that these continents were covered by a largesheet.b. Today, all these continents except one are near thewhere the climate is warm enough to melt icesheets.10Plate TectonicsPla form.d. When two contineiital plates collide, neither plate is subducted, anduplifted rackrom.C. Evidence for Plate TectonicsGPS1. Scientists now useto measure how continents move.2. The theory of plate tectonics explains why earthquakes andVolcañdesoccur in certain locations.D. Plate Motion1. Earth's mantle moves because warmer, less-dense materials rise and cooler, densermaterialsa. Materials move based on differences in their temperatures and densities in theprocess of CAVUstion CuTMb. Inside Earth,elements provide some of the thermalenergy that causes convection.c. Convection currents form in the mantle when thermal energy transfers from theto the mantle.2.forces interact to cause tectonic plate motion.a. Convection currents in the mantle produce a force that causes motioncalledb. Plates are pushed away from each other at mid-ocean ridges by the forceoifc. When a plate sinks below another plate, it pulls on the rest of the plate, exertinga force calledE. A Theory in Progress1. Plate tectonics is the unifyinig theory of.2. Plate tectonics theory is stlil belngriore about how Earth's tectonic plates move.as sclentists learnPlate Tectonics47

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