The entire genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiaehas been sequenced. This sequencing has led to the identification of all the open reading frames (ORFs, gene-sizesequences with appropriate translational initiation andtermination signals) in the genome. Some of these ORFsare previously known genes with established functions;however, the remainder are unassigned reading frames(URFs). To deduce the possible functions of the URFs,they are being systematically, one at a time, convertedinto null alleles by in vitro knockout techniques. The results are as follows:15 percent are lethal when knocked out.25 percent show some mutant phenotype (alteredmorphology, altered nutrition, and so forth).60 percent show no detectable mutant phenotype at alland resemble wild type.Explain the possible molecular-genetic basis of thesethree mutant categories, inventing examples wherepossible.
The entire genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
has been sequenced. This sequencing has led to the identification of all the open reading frames (ORFs, gene-size
sequences with appropriate translational initiation and
termination signals) in the genome. Some of these ORFs
are previously known genes with established functions;
however, the remainder are unassigned reading frames
(URFs). To deduce the possible functions of the URFs,
they are being systematically, one at a time, converted
into null alleles by in vitro knockout techniques. The results are as follows:
15 percent are lethal when knocked out.
25 percent show some mutant
morphology, altered nutrition, and so forth).
60 percent show no detectable mutant phenotype at all
and resemble wild type.
Explain the possible molecular-genetic basis of these
three mutant categories, inventing examples where
possible.
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