The maximum transmission unit on an Ethernet link is 4500 bytes. This means that the IP packetssent over Ethernet cannot be larger than 4500 bytes including the IP header. Suppose theapplication layer sends a 6500-byte message. The transport layer uses TCP with no options. Thenetwork layer is using IP version 4. Obviously, the IP layer will have to fragment the data.Provide the length of new datagrams (after fragmentation). Provide the Flag and offset of each of thenew datagrams.

1. First Fragment:Length: 4480 bytesFlags: MF = 1, DF = 0Offset: 02. Second Fragment:Length: 2020…

Answered: The maximum transmission unit on an…

Comptia A+ Core 1 Exam: Guide To Computing Infrastructure (mindtap Course List)

10th Edition

ISBN:9780357108376

Author:Jean Andrews, Joy Dark, Jill West

Publisher:Jean Andrews, Joy Dark, Jill West

Chapter8: Network Infrastructure And Troubleshooting

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8TC

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Consider transferring an enormous file of L bytes from Host A to Host B. Assume an MSS of 536 bytes.a. What is the maximum value of L such that TCP sequence numbers are not exhausted? Recall that the TCP sequence number field has 4 bytes.b. For the L you obtain in (a), find how long it takes to transmit the file. Assume that a total of 66 bytes of transport, network, and data-link header are added to each segment before the resulting packet is sent out over a 155 Mbps link. Ignore flow control and congestion control so A can pump out the segments back to back and continuously.
Consider transferring an enormous file of L bytes from host A to host B. Assume an MSS of 1460 bytes.a. What is the maximum value of L such that TCP sequence numbers are not exhausted? Recall that the TCP sequence number field has four bytes.b. For the L you obtain in (a), find how long it takes to transmit the file Assume that a total of 66 bytes of transport, network, and data-link header are added to each segment before the resulting packet is sent out over at 10 Mbps link. Ignore flow control and congestion control so A can pump out the segments back to back and continuously.
Provide short answers to the following: How do you determine whether an IP address is a multicast address?==solve What is the TTL field in the IP header used for?==solve What is the maximum length of options bytes that can be carried in an IPv4 header?==solve Why do we have to multiply the offset field of an IP datagram by eight to obtain the real offset for the first byte of the datagram?====need to solve this question
In Section 5.7 we saw that it was preferable to transport SNMP messages in unreliable UDP datagrams. Why do you think the designers of SNMP chose UDP rather than TCP as the transport protocol of choice for SNMP?
Consider Figure 3.58 . Assuming TCP Reno is the protocol experiencing the behavior shown above, answer the following questions. In all cases, you should provide a short discussion justifying your answer.g. What is the value of ssthresh at the 24th transmission round?h. During what transmission round is the 70th segment sent?i. Assuming a packet loss is detected after the 26th round by the receipt of a triple duplicate ACK, what will be the values of the congestion window size and ofssthresh ?
Consider sending a file of F bits over a path of Q links. Each link transmits at R bits per second (bps). The network is lightly loaded so that there are no queueing delays. When a form of packet switching is used, the F bits are broken up into packets, each packet with L bits, of which h bits of it are header. Propagation delay is negligible. Let F = 5x104, Q = 20, R = 1 Mbps, L = 1000, and h = 10. b) Suppose the network is a packet-switched datagram network and a connectionless service is used. How long does it take to send the file?
Host A is sending an enormous file to Host B over a TCP connection. Over this connection there is never any packet loss and the timers never expire. Denote the transmission rate of the link connecting Host A to the Internet by R bps. Suppose that the process in Host A is capable of sending data into its TCP socket at a rate S bps, where S=10·R. Further suppose that the TCP receive buffer is large enough to hold the entire file, and the send buffer can hold only one percent of the file. What would prevent the process in Host A from continuously passing data to its TCP socket at rate S bps? TCP flow control? TCP congestion control? Or something else? Elaborate.
Consider each tier of the TCP/IP protocol stack and assign a priority to each layer based on your assessment of their importance. Is it possible to merge or separate any of these layers? Would the kind of data sent alter your ordering, and if so, how? Justify your ordering decision. Utilize the scale below: 1 represents the most critical factor, while 5 represents the least critical factor.
Using packet tracer, implement a network that has the following components: 1- At least five routers 2- At least 7 subnets 3- At least 12 PCs 4- At least 4 switches 5- Use RIP routing protocol To assign IP addresses of the routers and PCs, use the IP address from your ID as follows Assume your id is 118zyxw, Consider the numbers z, y, x and w as deciemal You have the subnet 118.0.0.0/24 If your ID is 1181234 then the IP is 118.0.0.0/24 Use this subnet to get at least 7 subnets.
Provide short answers to the following: How do you determine whether an IP address is a multicast address? What is the TTL field in the IP header used for? What is the maximum length of options bytes that can be carried in an IPv4 header? Why do we have to multiply the offset field of an IP datagram by eight to obtain the real offset for the first byte of the datagram?
(ESP) Consider that we protect a TCP SYN packet using the ESP in the transport mode. A TCP SYN packet just comprises a TCP header which is 20 bytes (i.e., without TCP option). The IP packet header is also 20 bytes long (i.e., without IP option). Moreover, the block size for encryption is 256 bits (e.g., using AES-256), and the hash output’s size for message authentication is 512 bits (e.g., using SHA-1). What is the minimum amount of padding required?
Consider 2 hosts, Host A and Host B, transmitting a large file to a Server C over a bottleneck link with a rate of R kbps. To transfer the file, the hosts use TCP with the same parameters (including MSS and RTT) and start their transmission at the same time. Host A uses a single TCP connection for the entire file, while Host B uses 9 simultaneous TCP connections, each for a portion (i.e. a chunk) of the file. Describe the relative transmission rates achieved by each host at the beginning of the file transfer?

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