The Na,K-ATPase is a(n) [Select] [Select] and K+ from [Select] that moves Na+ from
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Q10
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The Na,K-ATPase is a(n) [Select ]
inside the cell to outside
outside the cell to inside
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antiporter
symporter
uniporter
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- The toxic effect of Na+ ions can be avoided in some plant species by storing them in membrane-bound vacuoles within the cytosol. Calculate the maximum vacuolar-to-cytosolic [Na+] ratio that could be achieved by a Na+/H+ antiport mechanism in the vacuolar membrane if the cytosolic pH is 7.4 and the vacuolar pH is 5.6.What are the enzymatic activities of the sodium-potassium ATPase (pump)? binds to and hydrolyzes ATP; binds to 3 Na+ in cytoplasm and releases outside cell; binds to 2 K+ outside cell and releases into cytoplasm binds to and hydrolyzes GTP; binds to 3 Na+ in cytoplasm and releases into nucleus; binds to 2 K+ inside cell and releases into lysosome binds to and hydrolyzes 3 ATP; binds to 1 Na+ in cytoplasm and releases outside cell; binds to 1 K+ outside cell and releases into cytoplasm binds to and hydrolyzes ATP; binds to 2 Na+ in cytoplasm and releases outside cell; binds to 3 K+ outside cell and releases into cytoplasmOpiods cause ligand-gated K+ channels to open and move with their concentration gradient from high to low (into or out) Blank 1. Fill in the blank. of the cell, causing the membrane potential to (hyperpolarize or depolarize) Blank 2. Fill in the blank. Fill in the blank using one of the options in the parenthesis
- signal amplification of cells relies on which of hte following increased activity of protein phosphatases sequential increase in the different components, wherein a single, activated component can activate many copies of the next component in the pathway increasing numbers of cell-surface receptors as the signal is transduced increasing amounts of ligand aas signal transdutciton proceedsA small number of cell surface receptors and low amounts of signals (ligands) can generate a large intracellular response as each step of the signal transduction pathway can be expanded by... A. gene amplification, i.e. increasing the number of target genes. B. enzyme-mediated signal amplification, e.g. phosphorylation cascades. C. the synthesis of new proteins. D. ATP Synthase, e.g. by building proton (H+) gradients.A researcher tested Compound A on chemotaxing cells and measured the relative amount of filamentous actin found in the cells at different times. Based on the researcher’s observations on filamentous actin, what other observation regarding cell chemotaxis was MOST likely observed? A. The cell moved toward the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A. B. The cell moved away from the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A. C. The cell first moved toward and then away from the signaling molecule after the addition of Compound A. D. The cell did not move toward or away from the signaling molecule after the addition of Compound A.
- You have isolated a new species of infectious bacteria. The bacterium releases a toxin that you believe is adversely affecting heterotrimeric Gs (stimulatory)-protein-based signaling. To explore this hypothesis you use an epithelial cell line that is expressing a cyan fluorescent protein (CFP)-labeled α subunit and a yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-labeled β subunit of a heterotrimeric Gs-protein. CFP emits blue light and has excitation and emission wavelengths of 440 nm and 490 nm, respectively. YFP emits yellow light and has excitation and emission wavelengths of 490 nm and 527 nm, respectively. To test your hypothesis, you perform two experiments. First, you apply a signaling ligand known to activate this Gs protein and track yellow fluorescence. Second, you apply the signaling ligand and the purified bacterial toxin simultaneously and track yellow fluorescence. Which of the following conclusion will you draw based on the above experimental data? The toxin locks the α subunit…Exposing cells to which of the following drugs would inhibit the slow output response of a cell to a signaling ligandwithout having an effect on the fast output response ? A. Latrunculin - a molecule isolated from sponges, which binds near the nucleotide-binding cleft of monomericactin.B. Taxol - a molecule isolated from the bark of the pacific yew, which that stabilizes microtubules.C. Alpha-amanitin - a molecule isolated from deathcap mushrooms, which blocks RNA polymerase II.D. Phalloidin - a molecule isolated from deathcap mushrooms that stabilizes f-actin.E. Sodium orthovanadate - a molecule that inhibits alkaline and tyrosine phosphatases.Intestinal epithelial cells pump glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient using the Na+– glucose symporter. Recall that the Na+ concentration is significantly higher outside the cell than inside the cell. The symporter couples the "downhill" transport of two Na+ ions into the cell to the "uphill" transport of glucose into the cell. If the Na+ concentration outside the cell ([Na+]out) is 163 mM and that inside the cell ([Na+]in) is 21.0 mM, and the cell potential is −54.0 mV (inside negative), calculate the maximum energy available for pumping a mole of glucose into the cell. Assume the temperature is 37 °C.
- Choose high or low When the ion binding sites pumps are open to the inside of the cell the pump has a high/low affinity to potassium and a high/low affinity for sodium. When the ion binding sites are open on the outside the pump has a high/low affinity to potassium and a high/low affinity to sodiumIs the regulation shown (denoted by?) positive or negative regulation? Explain why the type of regulation shown here is advantageous for the cellDo not copy in Google or Bartleby QUESTION • Liver cells proliferate excessively both in patients with chronic alcoholism and in patients with liver cancer. Is alcohol an anti-apoptopic compound?
