The return water has a flow rate of 200 gal/min, and the receiving river has a flow rate of 3,000 gal/min and a temperature of 18 degrees C in the summer at the point of mixing
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Water is taken from a river to cool a power plant. The water accepts waste heat and is returned water back to the river. The return water has a flow rate of 200 gal/min, and the receiving river has a flow rate of 3,000 gal/min and a temperature of 18 degrees C in the summer at the point of mixing. If the maximum allowable temperature of the river after mixing is 22 degrees C before the fish die, what is the maximum allowable temperature of the return water?
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- A bottle is filled with river water. The initial dissolved oxygen concentration is 10.2 mg/L. After 5 days the dissolved oxygen concentration is 3.0 mg/L. Calculate the BOD 5. in mg/lA desalination plant produces 10,000 m3/day of brine with concentration of 80 g (gram)/L. This brine will be thrown into the ocean. But the concentration has to be lowered to 60 dS/m. How much seawater should be mixed with the brine if the seawater has a salinity of 3%.? Calculate how much salt is in the brine in Tons/day.The volume of ocean water is 1338x10^6 km^3. The runoff from rivers is 44.7x10^3 km^3/year and the runoff from groundwater is 2.2x10^3 km^3/year. The precipitation on the ocean is 1270mm/year (The ocean area is 361.3x10^6 km^2). Estimate the residence time of water molecules in the ocean (in years).
- Water Resources Engineering For the following transition, draw E2, y2 on the specific energy chart. Fully describe your reasoning for your placement. E1, y1 is shown on the chart. For this transition, in a rectangular channel, there is a sudden increase in the depth of the channel bottom.Estimate the reduction in bacteria during the passage of wastewater that initially contains 106organisms per milliliter through three stabilization ponds that are arranged in series. The volumes of the three ponds are 10,000; 20,000; and 6,000 m3, respectively. The flowrate is 1000 m3/d. Assume that steady-state conditions apply, that the ponds are completely mixed due to wind action, that first-order decay kinetics apply, and that the value of the reaction rate constant k is 1.0 d-1. What is the overall conversion for these ponds in series? Instead of having three separate ponds in series what would the conversion be for one equivalent pond of the same total volume?The volume of atmospheric water is 12669km3. The evapotranspiration from land is 7200 km3 per month and from ocean is 505000 km3 per year. Estimate the residence time of water molecules in the atmosphere in a month.
- A small lake with volume 10,000 m3 has a stream flowing into it with flow rate 100 m3/day and a Toluene concentration of 1.0 mg/m3. A factory discharges 5 m3/day into the lake with Toluene concentration of 10 mg/m3 – they want to increase effluent to 50 mg/m3. Toluene decays at a rate of 0.01/day. Assume steady-state and completely mixed (CSTR). a) How would this increase in discharge concentration change the lake concentration? b) Field studies show that the same lake would be better represented by dividing the lake into two cells. The first cell having a volume of 2,500 m3 and the second with 7,500 m3. How does this affect the estimate of concentration leaving the lake? Compare with one-cell model.Assume the factory continues to discharge at 10 mg/m3 into the first cell.c) Why does modeling the lake as multiple cells impact the final concentration leaving the lake? What do you expect might happen to the final concentration leaving the lake if we modeled it as more cells? How would…A city of 20,000 people disposes of 1.05 m3/s of treated sewage that still has an ultimate BOD of 28.0 mg/L and 1.8 mg/L DO into a river. Upstream from the outfall, the river has a flow rate of 7.08 m3/s and a velocity of 0.37 m/s. At this point, the ultimate BOD and the DO in the river are 3.6 and 7.6 mg/L, respectively. The saturation value of DO (at the temperature of the river) is 8.5 mg/L. The deoxygenation coefficient is 0.61/day, and the reaeration coefficient is 0.76/day. Assume complete mixing and the velocity in the river is the same upstream and downstream of the outfall. What is the oxygen deficit and the ultimate BOD just downstream from the outfall (just after mixing, before any reaction can occur)?How much dissolved oxygen (mg/L) is present in 27°C freshwater?