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- Which costs are measured on per-unit basis: fixed costs, average cost, avenge variable cost, variable costs, and marginal cost?How does fixed cost affect marginal cost? Why is this relationship important?Average cost curves (except for avenge fixed cost) tend to be U-shaped, decreasing and then increasing. Marginal cost curves have the same shape, though this may be harder to see since most of the marginal cost curve is increasing. Why do you think that average and marginal cost curves have the same general shape?