The Solow model describes: how saving rates are determined the static relationship between capital and output how savings, population growth, and technological change affect output over time how savings, population growth, and technological change affect output in a single period what constitutes technological change

The Solow model describes: how saving rates are determined the static relationship between capital and output how savings, population growth, and technological change affect output over time how savings, population growth, and technological change affect output in a single period what constitutes technological change

Principles of Economics 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172364

Author:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Publisher:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Chapter20: Economic Growth

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5SCQ: What do the growth accounting studies conclude are the determinants of growth? Which is more...

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16 True or False? The key difference between the Solow and production/expenditure models of the economy is that the Solow model endogenizes the saving rate.
4 Consider the context of the Solow model with technical progress in an excess saving scenario, that is,the savings rate is higher than the golden rule savings rate. Imagine that the economy started is in steady state, but at time t0 the saving rate increases suddenly. Elaborate graphs that show the evolution over time of the variables mentioned in the followingparagraphs as a result of the previous event .a) Growth rate of capital per effective workerb) Growth rate of capital per workerc) Capital growth rated) Natural logarithm of capital per effective workere) Natural logarithm of capital per workerf) Natural logarithm of capital
5. Use the simple Solow model, with no population growth. The formula for steady-state consumption per worker (c*) as a function of output per worker and investment per worker is: c * = f(k*) - δk* c * = f(k*) + δk * c * = f(k*) ÷ nk* c * = k* - f(k)*
Answer Part B Suppose people can consume the income they earn or save and invest it at rate ?.A. If we tax wealth at a rate greater than ?, how are people likely to adjust their rate of savings? B. Use the Solow model to comment on how a wealth tax will likely affect the growth rate of the capital stock. How will this policy affect the growth rate of output per worker and how will this policy affect the wage rate for workers? C. To what extent is this wealth tax likely to reduce the influence of the wealthy in politics? D. In the Peterson Institute discussion, Greg Mankiw argues that accumulating wealth creates a pecuniary externality. What does Mankiw mean? How would you expect a wealth subsidy to affect the real wage for workers?
1. Carefully draw a graph depicting steady state conditions within the Solow Growth Model framework. Carefully explain, making reference to depreciation rates and savings rates, how the steady state level of capital is determined. Now, demonstrate how the economy can grow from this point forward (in separate analyses) assuming: (a.) widespread improvements in production technology, and (b.) increases in savings rates. For each analysis show and carefully describe how the new steady state level of capital is attained.
QESTION 6 for which of the following does the Solow model NOT provide adequate explanation? a. What causes long-term economic growth b. The case of productivity differences across countriesc. Why saving rates differ across countries d. All of these answers are correct e. Why population growth rates differ across countries Using the Solow model, if, in time, t=0, the initial capital stock is 100, investment is 25, the population is normalized to 1, and e 10 percent, then capital accumulation from period t=0 to period t=1 is: a. 15 b. 115 c. 35 d. D. 0 e. -15
4. With the aid of appropriate diagrams analyse the effect of an increase in the saving rate in the Solow growth model. The variables of interest are: i. Capital per effective worker in the short run and the long run. ii. Output per effective worker in the short run and the long run. iii. The growth rate of output per effective worker in the short- and long run.
4 Explain the central paradox at the heart of the Solow model, with constant and exogenous technologies. Given this paradox, why is the Solow model still relevant?
2. Solow-Swan Model (a) You will demonstrate the importance of diminishing returns to capital in the Solow-Swanmodel. Draw a Solow-Swan diagram in which there are constant returns to capital. Thiswould happen if the production function were Yt= AKt, where A = 1. Furthermore,assume that the sum of population growth and the depreciation rate is greater than thesaving rate. Does the economy converge to a steady state in this case? To answer thisquestion, you should draw a Solow-Swan diagram in terms of output per person, as we didin class. Use this diagram to explain why the economy converges to a steady state or doesnot. (b) Assume, instead, that the sum of population growth and the depreciation rate is equal tothe saving rate. In this case, are there any steady states? If yes, describe the steady-statelevels of capital per person. If no, explain why not. (Note: Diagram is not needed for thispart.)
Question 3Consider an economy described by the production function:Y = F(K, L) = K0.3 L0.7 a. What is the per-worker production function?b. Assuming no population growth or technological progress, find the steady-state capital stock per worker, output per worker, and consumption per worker as a function of the saving rate and the depreciation rate.c. Assume that the depreciation rate is 10 percent per year. Make a table showing steadystate capital per worker, output per worker, and consumption per worker for saving ratesof 0 percent, 10 percent, 20 percent, 30 percent, and so on. (You will need a calculator with an exponent key for this.) What saving rate maximizes output per worker? What saving rate maximizes consumption per worker?
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented increase in savings in many countries around the world. In the EU, the savings rate of households has jumped from 12.5% to 17%. In 2008-2009, it had moved from 12.5% to 14% (Dossche and Zlatanos 2020). Even if the source of 2020 surge in savings is different from the one of 2008, it is obvious that this increase does not result in more investment and growth. QUESTION: 1. With reference to the paradox of thrift discuss the appropriate approach by the government to get the economy out of economic downturn swiftly
Suppose that every additional 3 percentage points in the investment rate boosts GDP growth by 1 percentage point. Assume also that all investment must be financed with consumer saving. Note: Investment rate = Investment/GDP The economy is currently characterized by Consumption: $11 trillion Saving (= Investment): $3 trillion GDP: $14 trillion If the goal is to raise the growth rate by 2 percentage points, a. by how much must investment increase? billion b. by how much must consumption decline? billion