The state and local police departments are trying to analyze crime rates so they can shift their patrols from decreasing-rate areas to areas where rates are increasing. The city and county have been geographically segmented into areas containing 5,000 residences. The police recognize that not all crimes and offenses are reported: people do not want to become involved, consider the offenses too small to report, are too embarrassed to make a police report, or do not take the time, among other reasons. Every month, because of this, the police are contacting by phone a random sample of 1,000 of the 5,000 residences for data on crime. (Respondents are guaranteed anonymity.) Here are the data collected for the past 12 months for one area: CRIME MONTH INCIDENCE SAMPLE SIZE CRIME RATE 0.007 January February 7 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 0.009 March 7 0.007 Аpril Мay June 7 0.007 7 0.007 9 0.009 July August September October 7 0.007 10 0.010 8 0.008 11 0.011 November December 10 0.010 0.008

The state and local police departments are trying to analyze crime rates so they can shift their patrols from decreasing-rate areas to areas where rates are increasing. The city and county have been geographically segmented into areas containing 5,000 residences. The police recognize that not all crimes and offenses are reported: people do not want to become involved, consider the offenses too small to report, are too embarrassed to make a police report, or do not take the time, among other reasons. Every month, because of this, the police are contacting by phone a random sample of 1,000 of the 5,000 residences for data on crime. (Respondents are guaranteed anonymity.) Here are the data collected for the past 12 months for one area: CRIME MONTH INCIDENCE SAMPLE SIZE CRIME RATE 0.007 January February 7 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 0.009 March 7 0.007 Аpril Мay June 7 0.007 7 0.007 9 0.009 July August September October 7 0.007 10 0.010 8 0.008 11 0.011 November December 10 0.010 0.008

Practical Management Science

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337406659

Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Publisher:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Chapter4: Linear Programming Models

Section4.8: Data Envelopment Analysis (dea)

Problem 43P

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Seas Beginning sells clothing by mail order. An important question is when to strike a customer from the companys mailing list. At present, the company strikes a customer from its mailing list if a customer fails to order from six consecutive catalogs. The company wants to know whether striking a customer from its list after a customer fails to order from four consecutive catalogs results in a higher profit per customer. The following data are available: If a customer placed an order the last time she received a catalog, then there is a 20% chance she will order from the next catalog. If a customer last placed an order one catalog ago, there is a 16% chance she will order from the next catalog she receives. If a customer last placed an order two catalogs ago, there is a 12% chance she will order from the next catalog she receives. If a customer last placed an order three catalogs ago, there is an 8% chance she will order from the next catalog she receives. If a customer last placed an order four catalogs ago, there is a 4% chance she will order from the next catalog she receives. If a customer last placed an order five catalogs ago, there is a 2% chance she will order from the next catalog she receives. It costs 2 to send a catalog, and the average profit per order is 30. Assume a customer has just placed an order. To maximize expected profit per customer, would Seas Beginning make more money canceling such a customer after six nonorders or four nonorders?
The eTech Company is a fairly recent entry in the electronic device area. The company competes with Apple. Samsung, and other well-known companies in the manufacturing and sales of personal handheld devices. Although eTech recognizes that it is a niche player and will likely remain so in the foreseeable future, it is trying to increase its current small market share in this huge competitive market. Jim Simons, VP of Production, and Catherine Dolans, VP of Marketing, have been discussing the possible addition of a new product to the companys current (rather limited) product line. The tentative name for this new product is ePlayerX. Jim and Catherine agree that the ePlayerX, which will feature a sleeker design and more memory, is necessary to compete successfully with the big boys, but they are also worried that the ePlayerX could cannibalize sales of their existing productsand that it could even detract from their bottom line. They must eventually decide how much to spend to develop and manufacture the ePlayerX and how aggressively to market it. Depending on these decisions, they must forecast demand for the ePlayerX, as well as sales for their existing products. They also realize that Apple. Samsung, and the other big players are not standing still. These competitors could introduce their own new products, which could have very negative effects on demand for the ePlayerX. The expected timeline for the ePlayerX is that development will take no more than a year to complete and that the product will be introduced in the market a year from now. Jim and Catherine are aware that there are lots of decisions to make and lots of uncertainties involved, but they need to start somewhere. To this end. Jim and Catherine have decided to base their decisions on a planning horizon of four years, including the development year. They realize that the personal handheld device market is very fluid, with updates to existing products occurring almost continuously. However, they believe they can include such considerations into their cost, revenue, and demand estimates, and that a four-year planning horizon makes sense. In addition, they have identified the following problem parameters. (In this first pass, all distinctions are binary: low-end or high-end, small-effect or large-effect, and so on.) In the absence of cannibalization, the sales of existing eTech products are expected to produce year I net revenues of 10 million, and the forecast of the annual increase in net revenues is 2%. The ePIayerX will be developed as either a low-end or a high-end product, with corresponding fixed development costs (1.5 million or 2.5 million), variable manufacturing costs ( 100 or 200). and selling prices (150 or 300). The fixed development cost is incurred now, at the beginning of year I, and the variable cost and selling price are assumed to remain constant throughout the planning horizon. The new product will be marketed either mildly aggressively or very aggressively, with corresponding costs. The costs of a mildly aggressive marketing campaign are 1.5 million in year 1 and 0.5 million annually in years 2 to 4. For a very aggressive campaign, these costs increase to 3.5 million and 1.5 million, respectively. (These marketing costs are not part of the variable cost mentioned in the previous bullet; they are separate.) Depending on whether the ePlayerX is a low-end or high-end produce the level of the ePlayerXs cannibalization rate of existing eTech products will be either low (10%) or high (20%). Each cannibalization rate affects only sales of existing products in years 2 to 4, not year I sales. For example, if the cannibalization rate is 10%, then sales of existing products in each of years 2 to 4 will be 10% below their projected values without cannibalization. A base case forecast of demand for the ePlayerX is that in its first year on the market, year 2, demand will be for 100,000 units, and then demand will increase by 5% annually in years 3 and 4. This base forecast is based on a low-end version of the ePlayerX and mildly aggressive marketing. It will be adjusted for a high-end will product, aggressive marketing, and competitor behavior. The adjustments with no competing product appear in Table 2.3. The adjustments with a competing product appear in Table 2.4. Each adjustment is to demand for the ePlayerX in each of years 2 to 4. For example, if the adjustment is 10%, then demand in each of years 2 to 4 will be 10% lower than it would have been in the base case. Demand and units sold are the samethat is, eTech will produce exactly what its customers demand so that no inventory or backorders will occur. Table 2.3 Demand Adjustments When No Competing Product Is Introduced Table 2.4 Demand Adjustments When a Competing Product Is Introduced Because Jim and Catherine are approaching the day when they will be sharing their plans with other company executives, they have asked you to prepare an Excel spreadsheet model that will answer the many what-if questions they expect to be asked. Specifically, they have asked you to do the following: You should enter all of the given data in an inputs section with clear labeling and appropriate number formatting. If you believe that any explanations are required, you can enter them in text boxes or cell comments. In this section and in the rest of the model, all monetary values (other than the variable cost and the selling price) should be expressed in millions of dollars, and all demands for the ePlayerX should be expressed in thousands of units. You should have a scenario section that contains a 0/1 variable for each of the binary options discussed here. For example, one of these should be 0 if the low-end product is chosen and it should be 1 if the high-end product is chosen. You should have a parameters section that contains the values of the various parameters listed in the case, depending on the values of the 0/1 variables in the previous bullet For example, the fixed development cost will be 1.5 million or 2.5 million depending on whether the 0/1 variable in the previous bullet is 0 or 1, and this can be calculated with a simple IF formula. You can decide how to implement the IF logic for the various parameters. You should have a cash flows section that calculates the annual cash flows for the four-year period. These cash flows include the net revenues from existing products, the marketing costs for ePlayerX, and the net revenues for sales of ePlayerX (To calculate these latter values, it will help to have a row for annual units sold of ePlayerX.) The cash flows should also include depreciation on the fixed development cost, calculated on a straight-line four-year basis (that is. 25% of the cost in each of the four years). Then, these annual revenues/costs should be summed for each year to get net cash flow before taxes, taxes should be calculated using a 32% tax rate, and taxes should be subtracted and depreciation should be added back in to get net cash flows after taxes. (The point is that depreciation is first subtracted, because it is not taxed, but then it is added back in after taxes have been calculated.) You should calculate the company's NPV for the four-year horizon using a discount rate of 10%. You can assume that the fixed development cost is incurred now. so that it is not discounted, and that all other costs and revenues are incurred at the ends of the respective years. You should accompany all of this with a line chart with three series: annual net revenues from existing products; annual marketing costs for ePlayerX; and annual net revenues from sales of ePlayerX. Once all of this is completed. Jim and Catherine will have a powerful tool for presentation purposes. By adjusting the 0/1 scenario variables, their audience will be able to see immediately, both numerically and graphically, the financial consequences of various scenarios.
Nicki Fenty Corporation manufactures a variety of beauty products in several departments andevaluates departments and departmental managers by comparing actual cost and output relativeto the budget. Departmental managers help create the budgets and usually provide informationabout input quantities for materials, labor, and overhead costs.Chante Moore is the manager of the department that produces lip gloss. Chante hasestimated these inputs for Lip gloss:Input Budget quantity per unit of outputDirect materials 8 poundsDirect manufacturing labour 30 minutesMachine time 24 minutesThe department produces about 100 units of lip gloss each day. Chante’s department alwaysgets excellent evaluations, sometimes exceeding budgeted production quantities. For each 100units of lip gloss produced, the company uses, on average, about 48 hours of directmanufacturing labor (eight people working 6 hours each), 790 pounds of material, and 39.5machine-hours.Top management of Nicki Fenty Corporation has…
You are the district manager for the NCDNR aka the Game Wardens. You staff your law enforcement officers such that they have a 10 hour work day in a single shift. This means that they work 4 days in a row and have 3 consecutive days off. For your district, you need to make sure that you have at least: 10 working on Saturday, 0 on Sunday, 3 on Monday, 3 on Tuesday, 5 on Wednesday, 4 on Thursday, and 8 on Friday. Your current compensation plan approved by the state is: Days off M,T,W T,W,Th W,Th,F Th,F,Sa F,Sa,Su Sa,Su,M Su,M,T Wage 3000 2900 2820 2750 2600 2700 2720 Questions:  What is the objective function value?  How many employees do you have?  How many people show up for work on Sunday, despite this not being necessary according to the scheduling requirements?
The state and local police departments are trying to analyze crime rates so they can shift their patrols from decreasing-rate areas to areas where rates are increasing. The city and county have been geographically segmented into areas containing 6,000 residences. The police recognize that not all crimes and offenses are reported: people do not want to become involved, consider the offenses too small to report, are too embarrassed to make a police report, or do not take the time, among other reasons. Every month, because of this, the police are contacting by phone a random sample of 1,200 of the 6,000 residences for data on crime. (Respondents are guaranteed anonymity.) Here are the data collected for the past 12 months for one area: MONTH CRIME INCIDENCE SAMPLE SIZE CRIME RATE January 7 1,200 0 February 9 1,200 0 March 7 1,200 0 April 7 1,200 0 May 7 1,200 0 June 9 1,200 0 July 7 1,200 0 August 10 1,200 0 September 7 1,200 0 October 11 1,200 0 November 12…
The state and local police departments are trying to analyze crime rates so they can shift their patrols from decreasing-rate areas to areas where rates are increasing. The city and county have been geographically segmented into areas containing 5,000 residences. The police recognize that not all crimes and offenses are reported: people do not want to become involved, consider the offenses too small to report, are too embarrassed to make a police report, or do not take the time, among other reasons. Every month, because of this, the police are contacting by phone a random sample of 1,000 of the 5,000 residences for data on crime. (Respondents are guaranteed anonymity.) Here are the data collected for the past 12 months for one area: MONTH CRIME INCIDENCE SAMPLE SIZE CRIME RATE January 7 1,000 0.007 February 9 1,000 0.009 March 7 1,000 0.007 April 7 1,000 0.007 May 7 1,000 0.007 June 9 1,000 0.009 July 7 1,000 0.007 August 10 1,000 0.010 September 8 1,000 0.008…
The state and local police departments are trying to analyze crime rates so they can shift their patrols from decreasing-rate areas to areas where rates are increasing. The city and county have been geographically segmented into areas containing 5,000 residences. The police recognize that not all crimes and offenses are reported: people do not want to become involved, consider the offenses too small to report, are too embarrassed to make a police report, or do not take the time, among other reasons. Every month, because of this, the police are contacting by phone a random sample of 800 of the 5,000 residences for data on crime. (Respondents are guaranteed anonymity.) Here are the data collected for the past 12 months for one area: Month Incidents Sample Size January 13 800 February 7 800 March 12 800 April 8 800 May 13 800 June 7 800 July 8 800 August 12 800 September 10 800 October 14 800…
Sapphire Farm is a business that trains and boards horses and educates young riders about horse care, nutrition, a product focusand riding. The farm provides both a learning and a fun environment for young equestrians and their families. It also hosts horse shows for beginning riders to help them build confidence in the show ring and to prepare them for local horse shows by running shows in accordance with the rules and regulations of the National Hunter Jumper Association. Feedback from the horseshow judges are provided to all riders so they can do better at their next meet. In addition, all warm-up and training areas are fenced and monitored by adults for the children's safety.According to the service-profit chain, the high-value service offered by Sapphire Farm LLC should lead to: A. congruent market response B. positive framing C. customer autonomy D. customer satisfaction E. a product focus
You own a combination architectural/engineering company. I long-ter m client just asked your firm to design a boat dock that can accommodate 20 boats. Please list 12 questions that you would need to ask the client in order to properly design the boat dock to be economical, safe, and long-lasting. Please also explain the purpose of asking each question.
Primer Inc. offers plumbing and air conditioning services to customers in Kumasi, Ghana. The company’s product strategy is to solve the customer’s problem irrespective of what it takes, at the time the customer needs it solved. The company provides same day service for customers, and theaim is to make the customer happy before leaving.The services of the company are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for customers. There is no extra charge for requests made on holidays, odd hours of the day, or in festive seasons. The company aims to be available at the call of customers without charging a pesewa extra, even at times when rival firms won’t get out of bed. The company fixes the price of the service before it begins, and customers can be assured of no extra charges. Irrespective of the customer’s location in the city, Primer Inc. does not charge additional fees for transportation. For all services, the company provides a one year guarantee on all parts and labour used, whiles rival…
Primer Inc. offers plumbing and air conditioning services to customers in Kumasi, Ghana. The company’s product strategy is to solve the customer’s problem irrespective of what it takes, at the time the customer needs it solved. The company provides same day service for customers, and theaim is to make the customer happy before leaving.The services of the company are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for customers. There is no extra charge for requests made on holidays, odd hours of the day, or in festive seasons. The company aims to be available at the call of customers without charging a pesewa extra, even at times when rival firms won’t get out of bed. The company fixes the price of the service before it begins, and customers can be assured of no extra charges. Irrespective of the customer’s location in the city, Primer Inc. does not charge additional fees for transportation. For all services, the company provides a one year guarantee on all parts and labour used, whiles rival…
Primer Inc. offers plumbing and air conditioning services to customers in Kumasi, Ghana. The company’s product strategy is to solve the customer’s problem irrespective of what it takes, at the time the customer needs it solved. The company provides same day service for customers, and theaim is to make the customer happy before leaving.The services of the company are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for customers. There is no extra charge for requests made on holidays, odd hours of the day, or in festive seasons. The company aims to be available at the call of customers without charging a pesewa extra, even at times when rival firms won’t get out of bed. The company fixes the price of the service before it begins, and customers can be assured of no extra charges. Irrespective of the customer’s location in the city, Primer Inc. does not charge additional fees for transportation. For all services, the company provides a one year guarantee on all parts and labour used, whiles rival…