The vector x ∈ R N has L different entries. For example, L = 4 for x = [3,4,4,5,3,1,5,3]T . One can express x as x = S u, where u ∈ R L satisfies (u)i < (u)j if i < j and S is a matrix that contains only zeros and ones. Write the function repeated_entries, which takes x as input and returns S and u.
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