The velocity profile for a turbulent boundary layer over a flat plate is to be approximated by the expression u 0.8 0.72 = anº +bn°72 where n=y/d

Q: Wind loading is a primary consideration in the design of the supporting mechanisms of billboards, as…

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Q: In the laminar flow of air (Pr = 0.7) over a heated plate, if 8 and 8, denote, respectively, the…

A: Given:Prandtl number, Pr=0.7

Q: Calculate the total friction drag on a flat plate of length 3 m and width 1.2 m in a uniform stream…

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Q: Problem 3. Air at 20°C and 1 atm (p= 1.2 kg/m³ and u= 1.8×105 kg/(m-s)) flows at 3 m/s past a sharp…

A: (a) Calculate the Reynolds's number. Re=ρvLμ=1.2311.8×10-5=2×105<5×105so flow is laminar

Q: How important is the study of aerodynamics in designing an aircraft and the effect on performance

A: How important is the study of aerodynamics in designing an aircraft and the effect on performance?

Q: A jet airplane weighs 160,000 N and has a zero-lift drag coefficient of 0.008 and a wing area of 42…

A: Given:W=160000 NCD=0.008A=42 m2v=100 m/sr=11.5 m/sT=27000 NLift coefficient,…

Q: The drag coefficient of a car at the design conditions of 1 atm, 70°F, and 60 mi/h is to be…

A: The drag force on an object can be expressed as,   Given data in SI units is The density of air at…

Q: To reduce the drag coefficient and thus to improve the fuel efficiency, the frontal area of a car is…

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Q: 5.10 In a laminar boundary layer, the shear stress distribution is given as t= t (1- 7 where n =…

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Q: 3435 E1 (B) Air at 27°C flows over a flat plate with a velocity of 3 m/s. Calculate the boundary…

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Q: Use appropriate boundary conditions to evaluate the constants in the boundary layer velocity profile…

A: Suppose a fluid moving with a velocity 'u' in a viscous flow and whose vertical distance from the…

Q: d the thickness of the boundary layer at a distance of x = 20 c

A: Re @ x =20 cm  Re = ρ Vxμ = Vxν= 5 * 0.21.995 x 10-5=50125.31328 < critical reynold snumber ,…

Q: A turbojet engine weight 7 kN and has a wing area of 20 m2. The drag coefficient of aircraft is…

A: Turbojet engine weight, FL=7 kN=7*103 N Wing area, A=20 m2 Drag coefficient of air craft,…

Q: Q/ Prove that the drag force expression for the boundary layer with the velocity profile Sin ) is…

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Q: To reduce the drag coefficient and thus to improve the fuel efficiency, the frontal area of a car is…

A: Given that, The drag force on the car will be –

Q: A jet airplane weighs 160,000 N and has a zero-lift drag coefficient of 0.008 and a wing area of 42…

A: Write the given data for the airplane.     W=160000 NCD0=0.008    A=42 m2     v=100 m/s    rc=11.5…

Q: A skydiver jumps from (5.5000x10^3) m with no parachute into a giant net. The mass of the skydiver…

A: Given data Mass of skydiver = m = 1.05 x102 kg = 105 kg  Projected Area = A = 0.45 m2 Pressure = P =…

Q: A submarine can be treated as an ellipsoid with a diameter of 5 m and a length of 25 m. The…

A: Dear student,                     In the given problem there are four sub parts but according to…

Q: A skydiver jumps from (5.000x10^3) m with no parachute into a giant net. The mass of the skydiver is…

A: Given data: Mass of skydiver = m = 1.05 x 102 kg = 105 kg Projected Area = A = 0.45 m2 Pressure = P…

Q: 1- Calculate the displacement thickness and momentum thickness for the following velocity profiles…

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Q: 7- Air flows over a horizontal smooth flat plate at speed 14.5 m/s. The plate length is 1.5 m and…

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Q: A circular sign has a diameter of 50 cm and is subjected to normal winds up to 150 km/h at 10°C and…

A: Before solving we have to make some assumptions as follows: The flow of air is steady and…

Q: Water at a velocity of 1.0 m/s flows along the length of one side of a flat plate that is 2 meters…

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Q: 7,(1 – n), 5.10 In a laminar boundary layer, the shear stress distribution is given as t= T where n…

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Q: Is there any conflict between the boundary condition respect to the airfoil surface and the induced…

A: The boundary layer affect the lift line.

Q: The sphere of diameter of 5.0 cm is moving in still water at a velocity of 2.0 m/s. The drag…

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Q: , A small aircraft has a wing area of 40 m2a lift coefficient of 0.45 at takeoff settings, and a…

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Q: To reduce the drag coefficient and thus to improve the fuel efficiency, the frontal area of a car is…

A: Given details: Ai=18 ft2Ao=15 ft2d=12000 mi=12000×5280=63360000ftv=55…

Q: 2- Air (v = 1.8×10° m/s) flows along a flat plate with a velocity of 150 km/hr. How long does the…

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Q: What effect does increasing the Reynolds number have on coefficient of lift and drag?

A: we know that Reynolds no. is defined as the ratio between flow inertia and viscosity.

Q: A liquid (? = 850 kg/?3; ? = 1.7 × 10−1 Pa ∙ s) flows tangentially past a flat plate. If the free…

A: 2 Length of the plate, L=10 mWidth of the plate, w=3 mLiquid density, ρ=850 kg/m3Liquid viscosity,…

Q: What is flow separation? What causes it? What is the effect of flow separation on the drag…

A: Flow separation It is a process in which the boundary layer of the fluid detaches itself from the…

Q: The drag coefficient of a vehicle increases when its windows are rolled down or its sunroof is…

A: Given data: The frontal area of the car, A = 18 ft2. Drag coefficient when the sunroof is closed,…

Q: b) Figure Q1(b) shows a smooth flat plate that is 150 mm wide and 500 mm long placed longitudinally…

A: Drag force: The drag force is the force acting opposite to the direction of fluid flow. Due to its…

Q: What is necessary to increase the Lift to Drag ratio and its Maximum value?

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Q: Water at 10°C flows over a 4.8-m-long flat plate with a velocity of 1.15 m/s. If the width of the…

A: Given, T = 10°C L = 4.8 m v = 1.15 m/s d = 6.5 m ρ = 999.7 kg/m3 µ = 1.307×10-3 kh/m.s f = ?

Q: A person is driving his motorcycle at a speed of 90 km/h in air at 20°C. The frontal area of the…

A: Given: The speed of motorcycle is V=90 km/h. The temperature of air is T=20°C. The frontal area of…

Q: 4.5 Determine the additive drag for an inlet and a Mach number M₁ of 0.4 at an altitude of 2000 ft.…

A: Given: The inlet area, A = 7000 in^2 = 4.516 m^2 The inlet Mach number, M1 = 0.8 The flying Mach…

Q: The resultant of the pressure and wall shear forces acting on a body is measured to be 430 N, making…

A: The drag force  FD=FRcos30°=430cos30°=372.4N

Q: Choose the most appropriate statement with respect to the pressure distribution of an airfoil. The…

A: following is the answer to the above question-

Q: An airplane is consuming fuel at a rate of 7 gal/ min when cruising at a constant altitude of 10,000…

A: Take the following assumptions. Standard atmospheric conditions exist. The settings of the plane…

Q: Air is flowing past a spherical ball. Is the lift exerted on the ball zero or nonzero? Answer the…

A: When air is flowing past a spherical ball, the lift exerted on the ball is zero if the ball is…

Q: What is induced drag on wings? Can the induced drag be minimized by (1) long and narrow wings or (2)…

A: Given question? What is induced drag on wing?  Can it be minimized by wing shape?

Q: To reduce the drag coefficient and thus to improve the fuel efficiency, the frontal area of a car is…

A: Given data,

Properties of Fluids

The term fluid represents a type of substance that can easily change its shape under any external pressure/force and can flow. Fluids can acquire any shape in which it is stored and can resist normal stresses but cannot resist shear stress in rest condition. Whenever external shear stress is applied to fluids, it starts to flow. The fluids may be liquid or gas. Example- water, air, etc.